Open Acces Journal 2016-2021:

2021, Issue 67(71): Fasc. 1, Fasc. 2,

2020, Issue 66(70): Fasc. 1, Fasc. 2, Fasc. 3, Fasc. 4

2019, Issue 65(69): Fasc. 1, Fasc. 2, Fasc. 3, Fasc. 4

2018, Issue 64(68): Fasc. 1, Fasc. 2, Fasc. 3, Fasc. 4

2017, Issue 63(67): Fasc. 1, Fasc. 2, Fasc. 3, Fasc. 4

2016, Issue 62(66): Fasc. 1, Fasc. 2, Fasc. 3-4

Contents and abstract:  2004-2009, 2010-1015

2021, Issue 67(71), Fasc. 1 (March)

Contents

pages 1- 8   Download

Removal of Nickel from Wastewater Using Ultrafiltration Membranes

GABRIELA CIOBANU, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, gciobanu03@yahoo.co.uk
MARIA HARJA, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 9 - 16   Download
Abstract
In this study the asymmetric cellulose acetate membranes prepared by the phase inversion method were used for removal Ni2+ ions from wastewater. The membrane morphology was studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the pore diameters have been determined by Bubble-point test (BPT). In the ultrafiltration experiments carried out in a flat-cell unit, the synthetic wastewater of nickel (10 mg/L) was used. The obtained results show that the flux and ion retention, increase with increasing pressure.
Keywords: membrane; cellulose acetate; ultrafiltration; nickel ions.

Effect of Metal Synergy and Loading on Binary W-Mo/HZSM-5 Catalyst for Non-Oxidative Conversion of Methane into Carbon and Petrochemicals

RONALD MUSAMALI, Durban University of Technology, Chemical Engineering department, South Africa, musamalironald@gmail.com
YUSUF ISA, Durban University of Technology, Chemical Engineering department, South Africa

pages 17 - 34   Download
Abstract
Processing of energy from fossil fuels is associated with emission of carbonaceous compounds. Therefore, non-oxidative conversion of methane into carbon and petrochemicals remediates emission of these greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. This present study demonstrates the development of stable, durable, and tunable binary catalyst systems comprising of W, &Mo supported on HZSM-5. The catalyst systems were synthesized by incipient wetness impregnation, characterized, and tested for non-oxidative methane conversion in a packed bed reactor. Reactor effluents were analyzed using gas chromatography. Based on the results obtained, competing reactions between different metal species, loading, and synergism influenced product distribution. Carburized molybdenum (Mo2C) on HZSM-5 zeolite alone exhibited low catalytic activity but on promotion with W, its activity increased tremendously. The reaction entailed dissociation of methane molecules on carburized Mo to form C2-species as primary intermediates which were further oligomerized into aromatics and higher hydrocarbons in the channels of HZSM-5 zeolite.
Keywords: Methane; non-oxidative; petrochemical; W-Mo/HZSM-5 catalyst.

Chemical Recycling of Wastepaper to Valuable Products

ALEKSANDRA MIKHAILIDI, St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, St. Petersburg, Russia, amikhailidi@yahoo.com
NINA KOTELNIKOVA, Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia

pages 35 - 42   Download
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to develop a method for preparing cellulose-based hydrogels (HGs) from waste paper (WP). Newsprint paper and various types of cardboard were subjected to pretreatments and then dissolved in DMAc/LiCl. Stable hydrogels were formed by spontaneous gelation from the solutions of WP. The properties of the HGs were examined both chemically and by FTIR, WAXS and SEM. FTIR confirmed the chemical purity of HGs. The structure of initial samples, HGs and freeze-dried HGs was characterised with WAXS. The cellulose I structure in the initial WP samples was totally disordered in solutions and partly recrystallized to the structure of cellulose II in freeze-dried HGs. According to SEM, the HGs revealed a random network with evenly distributed through pores of different sizes.
Keywords: waste paper; dissolution; hydrogels; structure; morphology.

Assessement of Crude Liquid Phase Resulted in Hydrothermal Carbonziation of Spruce Bark Wastes

IULIANA BEJENARI, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GABRIELA ANTOANETA APOSTOLESCU, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
IRINA VOLF, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, iwolf@tuiasi.ro

pages 43 - 52   Download
Abstract
This work aims to investigate the influence of process parameters on chemical composition of liquid phase resulted from hydrothermal carbonization of spruce bark (Picea abies). The thermal conversion of biomass was carried out at 200 and 240°C with a residence time of 2.5 and 5 h and a solid to liquid ratio of 1:10. Chemical characterization of liquid phase showed a presence of an important content of polyphenols and carbohydrates. The process parameters had a significant influence on chemical composition. Thus, an increase in temperature and residence time leads to a decrease of total polyphenols content and carbohydrates as well.
Keywords: bio-crude liquid; hydrothermal carbonization process; total polyphenols content; total reducing sugars content; spruce bark biomass.

Thermochromic Materials: Oxides with Applications in Intelligent Technologies

GABRIELA ANTOANETA APOSTOLESCU, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
MIHAELA AURELIA VIZITIU, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CORINA CERNĂTESCU, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CLAUDIA COBZARU, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
RAMONA ELENA TĂTARU-FĂRMUȘ, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
NICOLAE APOSTOLESCU, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, napostol@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 53 - 64   Download
Abstract
Many types of smart materials have been studied and developed in the late years, due to their applications in industry (military, aerospace, medical, construction). The possibilities to develop environmentally friendly products (e.g. reducing the cost of building maintenance by using construction materials / smart windows, pollution reduction by using photo-catalytic active materials) are also studied. This type of intelligent materials also includes thermo-chromatic materials, able to change their color with temperature variation. This paper presents the phenomenon of thermo-chromatism, the main classes of thermo-chromatic materials, with emphasis on oxide materials, methods of obtaining, their applications and the current state of research in the field of mechanisms of producing thermo-chromatic phenomena.
Keywords: thermochromic materials; organic-inorganic hybrid systems; VO2.

2021, Issue 67(71), Fasc. 2 (June)

Contents

pages 1- 8   Download

Lycopene – Background, Perspectives and Challenges in Dermato-Cosmetic Formulas

DELIA TURCOV, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Iași, Romania
ANCA ZBRANCA, “Grigore T.Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, Iași, Romania
LĂCRĂMIOARA RUSU, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacău, Faculty of Engineering, Bacău, Romania
DANIELA ȘUTEU, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Iași, Romania, danasuteu67@yahoo.com

pages 9 - 21   Download
Abstract
In the dermato-cosmetic formulation, the antioxidants have gained an almost permanent place based on strong scientific arguments. The most of the antioxidant ingredients enriched formulas are intended for antiaging skincare products, even though in a wide variety of presentation forms, these have no special indications and are limited to daily skincare routine for healthy skin. Nevertheless, there is an increasing interest for antioxidant compounds also for dermatocosmetic products with medical indications for acne, rosacea, and seborrheic dermatitis. Therefore, finding new resources or fructification of any discovered source of antioxidant compounds have led to increasing the researches related to performance, stability, efficiency and quality of extraction methods. Special attention to indigenous plant resources, economical and rich in antioxidant active ingredients is as well inherent but also incipient, if we have to consider the amount of well-known but still unexploited active ingredients.
Keywords: antioxidant effects; dermatocosmetic products; lycopene characterization; lycopene extraction methods

Observations on the Spinning Disc Micromixing Characteristics

EUGENIA TEODORA IACOB TUDOSE, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Iași, Romania, et_tudose@yahoo.com

pages 23 - 32   Download
Abstract
The spinning disc technology is one of the most versatile process intensification techniques used in different application fields. The intense micromixing is one of the strong features the spinning disc is used for. The current study includes experimental data related to the dispersion number values, obtained at different working parameters, namely the feeding liquid flow rate and the disc rotational speed. These were used to calculate the characteristic SD micromixing times, found to decrease faster with the disc rotational speed increase, especially at smaller flowrates. The shear stress is increasing fast with the rotational speed and varies with the disc radial position. Furthermore, the residence time has the smallest values at the highest rotational speeds and liquid flowrates. Thus, despite the increased micromixing obtained at large rotational speeds, the corresponding shorter residence time can be a restricting factor, since the processed liquid cannot take advantage of the enhanced turbulence.
Keywords: diffusion coefficient; indented surface; micromixing time; residence time; shear stress

Researches Regarding the Monitoring of Underground Water Quality in Vulnerable Communities to Nitrate Pollution from Agricultural Sources in Botoșani County, Romania

ALINA AGAFIȚEI, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Faculty of Hydrotechnics, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering, Iași, Romania, alinaagafitei@yahoo.com
VASILE LUCIAN PAVEL, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Faculty of Hydrotechnics, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering, Iași, Romania
VALENTIN BOBOC, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Faculty of Hydrotechnics, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering, Iași, Romania

pages 33 - 38   Download
Abstract
The object of the national water monitoring programs is the evaluation and control of their quality. Monitoring data can be used to establish initial conditions, final pollutant concentrations, but most of the time they cannot be used to identify the stages and processes that occur during pollution. In Botoşani County, a number of four communes were diagnosed as vulnerable areas. This paper presents the results of the groundwater quality monitoring in the period 2012 – 2019, in a number of 37 wells, located both in vulnerable areas, and in zones diagnosed as not being vulnerable. The selected parameters for the monitoring are the indicators of the nutrient regime: concentrations of nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, and ammonium ions. By processing filed data, there is observed a decrease in the nitrate ions concentration from two wells, during 2017 year. It was found that in 2017 – 2019 there was a deterioration of its quality in terms of the ammonium indicator, and in some localities both regarding nitrite and nitrate parameters. Following the research carried out, we have proposed a detailed action program for each area analyzed separately.
Keywords: monitoring; nitrate; pollution; underground; water quality

Qualitative Assessment of Polyphenols Extracted from Fucus Spiralis Biomass Through High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography

CĂTĂLINA FILOTE, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iaşi, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Iaşi, Romania
OANA TEODORA CIUPERCĂ, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iaşi, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Iaşi, Romania, Research and Processing Centre for Medicinal Plants PLANTAVOREL SA, Piatra Neamţ, Romania
IRINA VOLF, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iaşi, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Iaşi, Romania, iwolf@tuiasi.ro

pages 39 - 49   Download
Abstract
Marine macroalgae biomass is a valuable resource of bioactive molecules and has received increased attention from the scientific community with the goal to generate high-tech bioproducts. Polyphenols represent one of these group of fine molecules that can be obtained from macroalgae. Quantitative as well as qualitative extracts are of utmost importance for the development of good macroalgal bioproducts. In this context, in order to contribute to the current undergoing research, the present study focuses on the assessment of polyphenols profile of extracts generated in an ultrasounds-assisted extraction from Fucus spiralis brown macroalgae. The qualitative analysis carried out through high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) aims to point out the presence of polyphenolic compounds from phenol-carboxylic acids to flavonoids and tannins.
Keywords: brown algae; polyphenols; ultrasounds-assisted extraction extracts; thin layer chromatographyphy

Thiolated Chitosan for Biomedical Application

IOLANDA FUSTEȘ-DĂMOC, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iaşi, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Iaşi, Romania
CĂTĂLINA ANIȘOARA PEPTU, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iaşi, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Iaşi, Romania, catipeptu@tuiasi.ro
TEODOR MĂLUȚAN, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iaşi, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Iaşi, Romania

pages 51 - 62   Download
Abstract
The chitosan is synthesized from chitin by partially de-acetylation. The free amino groups are very important in chitosan modifications. The biodegradability, non-toxicity, bacteriostatic and biocompatibility proprieties represent the reasons why it is promising in different applications. The functionalization with thiol groups with different reagents improved its qualities. The Elman’s reagent method, the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra, the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR), the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)have shown improvements of the characteristics according to the reagents used. In vivo studies have indicated the high degree of viability of cells tested with thiolated chitosan or formulations based on thiolated chitosan. The modified chitosan is used for nanoparticles, liposomes coating due the strong mucoadhesive properties and in the compositions of hydrogels, matrix tablets, hydrogels and nanoparticles for drug release over different mucous membranes in various diseases, for antibacterial activity or for wastewater treatment like as bio-sorbent for methyl orange.
Keywords: thiolated derivates; biodegradability; mucoadhesive; biocompatibility; drug release

Evaluation of the Drying Process of Some Varnishes and Paints Applied on Fir Wood

ANDREEA MIHĂILĂ, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Iași, Romania, andreea.mihaila910@yahoo.com
CĂTĂLIN LISA, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Iași, Romania
IOAN MĂMĂLIGĂ, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Iași, Romania
GABRIELA LISA, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Iași, Romania

pages 63 - 72   Download
Abstract
Given the growing interest shown by the population in the restoration and redecoration of their dwelling spaces, wood is a material that has been increasingly used both in exterior constructions and for interior finishing works. The most important stage in the obtaining of a coat of paint able to protect wood is the drying process, which results in a coat of paint, called film, which strongly adheres to the surface of the wood. In order to analyse the drying process and to determine the effective diffusion coefficients, respectively, we applied three types of alkyd paint available on the market: a Teflon protective varnish (SLT), yacht varnish (LYP) and superglossy enamel (ESI) on dried fir-wood disks which were 5 mm in diameter. The drying process and the formation of the film itself were achieved using a Mettler Toledo TGA-SDTA851e device, under constant temperature. The effective diffusion coefficient values obtained ranged between 0.4·10-12 and 2.4·10-12 m2/s. The theoretical models achieved show higher deviations in the case of the SLT samples. The cause of these deviations may be the complex composition of the paint film but also the fact a "skin effect" film is formed after drying at linear decreasing speed, which prevents solvent diffusion.
Keywords: Paint; drying process; effective diffusion coefficient; theoretical models; skin effect

2020, Issue 66(70), Fasc. 1 (March)

Contents

pages 1- 8    Download

Adsorptive Performance of Hyper-Crosslinked Polymeric Resins Compared to Granular Activated Carbon for Toluene Vapours, under Static Conditions and in Humid Environment

ADELA-MARILENA BUBURUZAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, adelahaleta@tuiasi.ro

pages 9 - 20    Download
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the adsorptive performance of two hyper-crosslinked polymeric resins, MN 202 and MN 250 for toluene vapours, under static conditions. All experiments were performed in comparison with toluene vapours adsorption on GAC-AC 20. Since the humidity is one of the crucial parameters that dictate the efficiency of the adsorption process, the influence of relative humidity on the toluene vapour retention efficiency at different concentrations in system was considered. The results included in this study show that the adsorptive performance recorded by MN 202 and MN 250 are very closely to those recorded by AC 20. Moreover, in the humid conditions, the polymeric adsorbents MN 202 and MN 250 behave much better than AC 20. Thus, the adsorption capacity of AC 20 decreased by 80% when the relative humidity in system increased from 0% to 97%, while adsorption capacities of MN 202 and MN 250 decreased with 40% and respectively 50%.
Keywords: adsorption; toluene; VOCs; hyper-crosslinked polymeric resins; relative humidity; humid environment.

Empirical Modelling for the Kinetic of the Natural and Artificial Dehydration Process for Apples and Grapes

CLAUDIA COBZARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ROXANA ŞTEFAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GENOVEVA BORDEIANU, Tehnical College "Danubiana" Roman, Neamţ, Romania
GABRIELA ANTOANETA APOSTOLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
RAMONA-ELENA TĂTARU-FĂRMUȘ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
NICOLAE APOSTOLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CORINA CERNĂTESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ccernat@tuiasi.ro

pages 21 - 30    Download
Abstract
In this paper the artificial and natural dehydration process kinetic for apples and grapes has been studied. Experimental data show that natural dehydration has the disadvantages of being a slow and dragging process, but also the benefits of preserving flavour, maintaining nutrients and long-lasting conservation due to the low moisture content of 5-10%. Instead, the artificial dehydration is faster but not economical, with the possibility of caramelizing some ingredients due to the contact with the intense heat source. Also, through modelling of kinetics the natural and artificial dehydration process with the Table Curve 2D program has been obtained an empirical model that successfully approximates the actual moisture variation for the products undergoing the dehydration process at different time values.
Keywords: artificial and natural dehydration; apples; grapes; mathematic model.

A Review on the Optimization of Lipopeptides Production

LARISA-MARIA PETRILA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ALEXANDRA CRISTINA BLAGA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, acblaga@tuiasi.ro
FRANCOIS KRIER, UMR TransfrontalièreBioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, YNCREA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ICV – Institut Charles Viollette, F-59000 Lille, France

pages 31 - 49    Download
Abstract. Lipopeptides are a class of compounds produced by microorganisms, which play a key role in many industries, being used in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. Their production through biosynthesis is influenced by a large number of factors, including the microorganism characteristics, the operation parameters and the equipment used for separation and purification. The large number of parameters that can affect the biosynthesis makes the process optimization a complex task. This paper aims to present several examples of parameter optimization for the production of lipopeptides through biosynthesis.
Keywords: lipopeptide; biosynthesis; optimization.

Obtaining, Rheological Characterization and Thermal Degradation of Some New Medicinal Creams

MIHAELA IVANCIA, Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Iași, Romania Faculty of Animal Sciences
MARICEL DANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GABRIELA LISĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ANCA MIHAELA MOCANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ancamocanu@tuiasi.ro

pages 51 - 61    Download
Abstract
In this work was to prepared, reological characterized and thermical degradation of creams with imidazoline and pyrazole derivatives with various pharmacological actions. The newly obtained creams including active substances were submitted to rheological tests by means of a modular rheometer to made evident their properties in time and also under the influence of certain parameters. The TG, DTG and DTA thermal analysis study revealed the temperature range where the creams containing the active components are thermally stable and properly used as well as the degree of embedding of the active principle.
Keywords: imidazoline and pyrazole derivatives; rheological tests; thermal analysis.

Emulsions of Beeswax - Lavender Oil: Characteristics and Preliminary Analysis for Use in Manufacturing of Value-Added Textiles

CARMEN ZAHARIA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, czah@ch.tuiasi.ro
ANGELA DĂNILĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, Faculty of Industrial Design and Business Management
EMIL IOAN MUREȘAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
DANIELA ȘUTEU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 63 - 74    Download
Abstract
This research work presents the results of preliminary preparation and characterization of a few emulsions based on natural wax (beeswax) and lavender essential oil using some quality characteristics (i.e. pH, density, acidity index, peroxide index, total content of conjugated dienes and trienes, polyphenols, flavonoids and fatty acids) as well as sensory analysis considering as selected criteria the following ones: adherence, degree of emulsifying, uniformity, consistence and smell. These researches permitted the recommendation of the most corresponding emulsion for impregnation on textile material (e.g. cotton or viscose support) and preliminary details on the textile product design recommended for manufacturing of added-value textile material.
Keywords: emulsion; in-time stability; physical-chemical quality indicators; sensory analysis; textile impregnation.

2020, Issue 66(70), Fasc. 2 (June)

Contents

pages 1- 8    Download

Alternative Uses of Paper and Cardboard in Architecture and Construction

TEOFIL CÂMPEAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection; SC Rondocarton SRL, Apahida, Cluj, Romania
NICOLAE PEIU, Environmental Protection Agency, Iași, Romania
MARIA GAVRILESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, mgav@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 9 - 29    Download
Abstract
This paper developed an analysis of the relevant uses of paper and cardboard in construction and architecture, as a basis for information for future studies and research. In this context, based on data from the literature it is demonstrated that it is possible that cardboard products with sufficient compressive strength can withstand structural loads, thus providing an alternative to the use of traditional construction materials (concrete and steel), in the field construction and architecture. There is also the potential for the use of cardboard as a material in the construction of assemblies as construction elements, such as panels for walls, roofs and floors, as well as the development of short-lived or temporary buildings. Some houses are made of waste paper and cardboard and can be recycled for the manufacture of cardboard. These recycling processes involve less energy and clearly less raw materials than the production of many other materials.
Keywords: building materials; cardboard tubes; environmental impact; insulation; recycling.

Reactive Arancio Kemazol 3R Dye Removal from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption onto Sawdust

CARMEN ZAHARIA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, czah@ch.tuiasi.ro
DANIEL FLAVIAN GRĂDINARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 31 - 42    Download
Abstract
The paper presents a few findings after some laboratory adsorption tests onto sawdust applied to retain the reactive Arancio Kemazol 3R dye from aqueous solutions by using the ‘batchwise’ sorption technique. For high efficiency of reactive dye removal, some operating parameters such as initial dye solution pH (2.5-10.86), dye concentration (13-60 mg/L), adsorbent concentration (3-80 g/L), temperature (5°C, 20°C and 40°C), and sorption time (0.5-24 h) were studied. The best adsorption performance was obtained at very high acidic pH (2.5-2.8), with sawdust concentration of 13-60 g/L, temperature of 5°C till 20°C, initial intermittent agitation (no more than 3-5 min), continuous sorption operating regime, a minimum contact time of 480 (pH=2.6), or 600 min (pH=5.40), and was varied between 54.77% (5°C, pH=2.6 and 60 g/L adsorbent) and 44.78% (20°C, pH=2.6 and 80 g/L adsorbent). To increase the reactive dye removal must be applied other physical-chemical or biological treatment steps (i.e. coagulation-flocculation, advanced oxidation/reduction, membrane processes as ultrafiltration, ionic exchange, etc.) and obligatorily a neutralization step.
Keywords: adsorption; operating parameters; reactive dye removal; sawdust; treatment efficiency.

A Comparative Study of Zn(II) Ions Biosorption from Aqueous Solution on Red Marine Algae Biomass and Alginate

ALINA-ROXANA LUCACI, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LAURA BULGARIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, lbulg@tuiasi.ro

pages 43 - 52    Download
Abstract
The current trend of specialized research in environmental bioremediation is focused on studies related to the biosorption of metal ions on biological materials. Algae biomass is of great interest due to the significant amount of waste found on our Romanian beaches, which is why several researchers have studied its possibility of being used in environmental remediation processes. Because, marine algae biomass has a modest capacity to retain metal ions from aqueous solutions, the extraction of active compounds from their composition could be a solution to increase biosorptive performance in metal ion removal processes. Alginate is an active compound obtained from red marine algae biomass. In this study, we tested the biosorption performance of red algae sp. Callithamnion corymbosum and alginate extracted from them, in retaining Zn(II) ions from aqueous solutions.
Keywords: Alginate; red marine algae; biosorption; Zn(II) ions; aqueous solution.

Resveratrol in the Prevention and Treatment of Oxidative Stress

DELIA TURCOV, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ANCA ZBRANCA, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering
LUIZA IOANA HORCIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
DANIELA ȘUTEU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, danasuteu67@yahoo.com

pages 53 - 65    Download
Abstract
The therapeutic approach of some of the most frequent diseases continues to bring about suggestions, studies and solutions regarding the mechanisms involved in their control and the best ingredients for the products in the treatment schemes. Among the bioactive ingredients, the antioxidants are impressively frequent for numerous pathologies. First ranking in this category are the diseases of the century: diabetes, oncology, metabolic, neurodegenerative, as well as certain dermatological diseases. Among these, rosacea, acne and venous ulcer have been most challenging lately as a result of their etiological complexity and the curing difficulties. As issues of great interest for scientific research, antioxidant bioactive compounds are the focus of numerous studies regarding solutions to optimise obtaining methods, successful associations and the best presentation forms in order to be as patient compliant as possible. Resveratrol is an acknowledged antioxidant, largely used both in internal and external usage aimed products. The present paper intends to draw a synthesis of the latest information about the role resveratrol plays in relieving oxidative stress and to suggest new research directions.
Keywords: antioxidant; dermatocosmetics formulas; liquid-solid extraction; oxidative stress; resveratrol.

New Dermatocosmetic Formulations Using Bioactive Compounds from Indigenous Natural Sources

DELIA TURCOV, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LĂCRĂMIOARA RUSU, "Vasile Alecsandri" University of Bacău, Romania, Faculty of Engineering
ANCA ZBRANCA, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering
DANIELA ȘUTEU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, danasuteu67@yahoo.com

pages 67 - 76    Download
Abstract
Along with the amazing development of the dermatocosmetic industry, there has also been a surge in the research, concerning the biologically active ingredients for these products. Significant growth has taken place both in the presentation forms of the dermatocosmetic products and in the production methods, which ensure the quality and performance of the bioactive compounds. At the same time, special attention is paid to those pathologies which affect the population more frequently. Among these, rosacea, venous leg ulcer and acne have been some of the most challenging diseases in recent years, due to the complexity of the etiology and difficult healing. Among the most recent components of therapeutic formulas of the above-mentioned diseases, scientific research has shown great interest in bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity, which contribute to combat the effects of free radicals. This paper aims to present several examples of a series of new dermatocosmetic formulations using bioactive compounds from indigenous natural sources, currently existing on the dermatocosmetics products market and also, some new development directions in this field.
Keywords: antioxidants; bioactive compounds; dermatocosmetics; indigenous flora; liquid-solid extraction.

2020, Issue 66(70), Fasc. 3 (September)

Contents

pages 1- 8   Download

Fuzzy Logic Methodology for Environmental Sustainability Performance Evaluation

IONUŢ VIOREL HERGHILIGIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Industrial Design and Business Management, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iaşi, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, iherghelegiu@tuiasi.ro
IOAN BOGDAN ROBU, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iaşi, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration
MARIUS PÎSLARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Industrial Design and Business Management
ADRIAN VÎLCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Industrial Design and Business Management
ANCA LAURA ASANDULUI, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iaşi, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration

pages 9 - 21    Download
Abstract
Environmental sustainability performance evaluation has become a challenge even if the literature presents many associated researches. This challenge is a consequence of multiple measures that can be used to approach this phenomenon. The paper purpose is to improve the evaluation process associated to this pillar of organizational sustainability – environmental issue/ performance. Hence this paper aim to propose a suitable evaluation methodology, based on fuzzy logic, for environmental sustainability performance – focus on variables and associated dimensions of the proposed model.
Keywords: environmental performance; EMS; suitable evaluation methodology.

Recent Advances in Anticorrosive Phosphate Pigments

NICOLAE APOSTOLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CORINA CERNĂTESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CLAUDIA COBZARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
RAMONA ELENA TĂTARU-FĂRMUȘ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
MIHAELA AURELIA VIZITIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GABRIELA ANTOANETA APOSTOLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ganto@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 23 - 36    Download
Abstract
This study presents the anticorrosive properties of certain types of phosphate pigments. Anticorrosive inorganic pigments are one of the most studied categories of pigments because, according to the existing data, nearly one-third of the world's metal production is out of use due to corrosion. Damage due to corrosion is often related not only to the loss of metal but also to the decommissioning of entire installations, whose processing and installation is spent more than the cost of the material from which they are made. The development of new products with anticorrosive action requires an understanding of the theoretical principles - fundamental chemistry, as well as the parameters that influence the processing techniques. In addition, this review will also summarize the most promising phosphates solutions (classes of compounds, physicochemical properties, methods of obtaining, anticorrosive efficiency) for corrosion protection of steel, aluminium, other materials and their alloys. It also briefly presents future directions for the manufacture of anticorrosive pigments such as submicron anticorrosive pigments, smart coatings (e.g., corrosion sensing) or nanotechnology.
Keywords: anticorrosive inorganic pigments; corrosion environments; phosphate pigments.

A Study of the Flammability of Magnesium in Absence of Oxygen

IOAN BARABULICĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ioan.barabulica@tuiasi.ro
IOAN MĂMALIGĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 37 - 48    Download
Abstract
This study was performed to provide information on the flammability of magnesium in absence of oxygen. An investigation of the ignition and burning characteristics was conducted on prepared specimens of magnesium ribbon from magnesium ribbon coil, by cutting samples 7 to 10 mm in length and about 11 to 13 milligrams in weigh. Source of ignition was represented by a kanthal wire that is passed through magnesium samples and positioned on the device for connecting to electricity. The electrically connectable device is added in to a pressure resistant chamber in volume of 350 cm3 connected with gas sources, vacuum pump and provided with an evacuation outlet for depressurisation. Gases (CO2 and N2) was added in to the chamber after using vacuum pump to extract the air. The major results of the prepared specimen tests are presented as a family of curves which indicate the heating effect of kanthal wire, the thermal effect of magnesium ignition and the time and temperature were ignition take place. In general, tests indicated that magnesium can ignite in gaseous mixtures of CO2 and N2. The manner of developing combustion can be considered an indicator of gaseous mixtures composition.
Keywords: carbon dioxide; combustion; heat; magnesium; nitrogen.

Physico-Chemical Characterization of Arabica and Robusta Spent Coffee Blends

VICTORIA BEJENARI, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, victoria.bejenari@tuiasi.ro
MIRELA-ANASTASIA MORARAŞ
, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
MARICEL DANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Iaşi
CONSTANŢA IBĂNESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Iaşi
GABRIELA LISA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 49 - 57    Download
Abstract
Market surveys have lately shown that coffee is the second best-selling commodity – after oil. Our paper is aimed at analyzing the spent coffee blends in a professional DeLonghi coffee maker in which four types of coffee available on the market were used. The analyzed coffee contains blends of Arabica and Robusta coffee in various proportions. Spent coffee blends density and viscosity was measured experimentally at different temperatures. The browning index was measured by reading sample absorbance at 420 nm, using a spectrophotometer. We used fir-wood boards to determine whether spent coffee blends may be used for the beautification and protection of wood. The contact angle was measured and values ranging from 63°and 83° were read for the treated plates, whereas the value on the untreated control plate was 52°. These results confirm that the spent coffee blends could be used to beautify and protect wood.
Keywords: spent coffee blends; physico-chemical characterization; density; viscosity; browning index; contact angle keywords.

TiO2_W Material Used as Adsorbent and/or Photocatalyst in Water Depollution

AMALIA MARIA SESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LIDIA FAVIER, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR – UMR6226
DOINA LUTIC, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iași, Faculty of Chemistry
GABRIELA CIOBANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
MARIA HARJA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, mharja@tuiasi.ro

pages 59 - 66    Download
Abstract
This work highlights the performance of TiO2_W material as adsorbent and photocatalyst. The titanium dioxide was synthesized by sol-gel method from titanium (IV) butoxide (TIBT) in presence of cetyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide (CTAB). The TiO2_W composite was obtained by doping the titanium dioxide using Na2WO4 as precursor. The UV-DR and BET analysis were used for the characterization of the obtained materials. Their adsorption and photocatalytic efficiencies were investigated in a series of laboratory tests performed with and without UV-A irradiation. The target molecule was Rhodamine 6G (R6G). Experimental results clearly demonstrated that the presence of WO3 strongly enhances the dye uptake from diluted aqueous solutions. It was found that the sample doped with W posed high performance in adsorption (after 30 min, the adsorption efficiency is over 80%), while the undoped TiO2 exhibits higher photocatalytic activity for R6G. The experimental data suggested the superiority of combined adsorption-photocatalysis in the persistent organic compounds removal. The obtained materials can be successfully used for future applications in advanced wastewater treatment.
Keywords: adsorption; wolfram doping; photocatalysis; Rhodamine 6G; titanium dioxide.

2020, Issue 66(70), Fasc. 4 (December)

Contents

pages 1- 8   Download

Multiple linear regression (MLR) models used for the prediction of excess thermodynamic properties based on experimental determination of refractive index

IULIANA BÎRGĂUANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, iuliana.birgauanu@yahoo.com
CĂTĂLIN LISA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
SILVIA CURTEANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GABRIELA LISA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 9 - 21   Download
Abstract
In engineering, it is very important to have thorough knowledge of the thermodynamic and conveying properties of fluid mixtures, as they are mainly used to study the interactions that occur in fluids with several components, as well as to design various equipment for separation by distillation, fractional distillation and solvent extraction, and to achieve a scientific approach of the risk factors that affect separation processes. Our research group used the statistical processing of experimental data by the multiple linear regressions (MLR) method in order to estimate the excess molar volume starting from the experimental values of the refractive index for ternary systems. In this paper we will prove that this type of experimental data processing could also be used to predict other excess thermodynamic properties such as excess viscosity and excess surface tension (PE). In order to achieve this goal, we will use both the literature data and experimental data obtained in our laboratory on the thermodynamic properties of certain fluid mixtures. The created mathematical models correlate the excess thermodynamic properties with the refractive index, the standard temperature and the fluid mixture composition: PE= A0 + A1X1 + A2X0 + A3(T/298.15) + A4n, where X1 and X2 are the molar fractions, T is the temperature expressed in Kelvin and n is the refractive index. These models are extremely useful in practice. The refractive index can be easily determined, with rather good accuracy and low substance consumption. These mathematical models also allow the determination of other properties, such as density, viscosity and surface tension, which are more difficult to determine by experimental methods.
Keywords: MLR models, density, viscosity, surface tension, refractive index, multicomponent systems

Stabilization of w/o emulsions using ecofriendly emulsifiers

EMIL IOAN MUREȘAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Romania, eimuresan@yahoo.co.uk
ANGELA DĂNILĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, Faculty of Industrial Design and Business Management, Department of Chemical Engineering, Romania

pages 23 - 30   Download
Abstract
An ecological emulsifier, containing a mixture of fatty acid esters was prepared by the transesterification reaction of sunflower oil with ethanol. The reaction was catalysed by CaO resulted from the calcination of the eggshells. Several emulsions consisting of sunflower oil and water, which differ from each other by the ratio between phases (70% U / 30% A, 60% U / 40% and 50% U / 50% A) and by the concentration of emulsifier (2%, 4% and 6% respectively with respect to the vegetable oil mass), were prepared. The influence of the emulsifier concentration and of the ratio between phases on the stability of the emulsions were studied. The microscopic images, the stability index values and the turbidity's values showed that the most stable is the emulsion containing 60% U / 40% A and 4% emulsifier.
Keywords: emulsion stability, turbidity, vegetable oil, eggshell, microscopic image

Natural dye extraction from Pelargonium roseum plants using ultrasound method

DOINA SIBIESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, România, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, dsibiesc@ch.tuiasi.ro
MIHAELA VIZITIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, România, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 31 - 38   Download
Abstract
Dyes derived from natural sources have been used since ancient times in households and in various fields. Subsequently, synthetic dyes were synthesized, but in terms of toxicity, the variant in which the existence of substances harmful to the environment is not a problem is the first category. The aim of this paper is to discover a better solid-liquid extraction technique to avoid the infiltration of dyes found in groundwater following the discharge of wastewater in which they are contained. A source of natural dyes is represented by plant materials that are used in plant research applications, in food, as well as in the paint industries. These could be Green wattle bark, Marigold flowers, Pomegranate rinds, Pelargonium roseum, 4’o clock plant flowers, Cocks Comb flowers and more like these. We used Pelargonium roseum plants. The influence of ultrasound on the extraction of natural dyes from this material plant as a source of dyes has been studied in comparison with the process of magnetic stirring. Analytical studies, such as UV-VIS spectrophotometry and gravimetric analysis, were performed on the extract. In this regard, the present paper aims at screening the locally available natural dye yielding plants for dyeing purpose. The effect of power ultrasound in the extraction of natural dyes has been studied. Improving the efficiency of dye extraction from plant materials with 87.5% by using ultrasound has led to the conclusion that this method is much faster and more efficient than magnetic stirring.
Keywords: Pelargonium roseum, dye solid–liquid extraction, ultrasound sonochemistry

Biosorbents based on microorganisms

ALEXANDRA CRISTINA BLAGA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
IOANA LUIZA HORCIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CARMEN ZAHARIA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LĂCRĂMIOARA RUSU, "Vasile Alecsandri" University of Bacău, Faculty of Engineering
CRISTINA GRIGORAS, "Vasile Alecsandri" University of Bacău, Faculty of Engineering
DANIELA ȘUTEU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, danasuteu67@yahoo.com

pages 39 - 53   Download
Abstract
Biosorption is a technique used for the removal of not easily biodegradable pollutants from waters (especially metals and dyes), that can use a variety of biomaterials with adsorptive properties including microbial microorganism (algae, bacteria, fungi), but also industrial and agricultural wastes. The biosorption abilities of microbial biomass towards dyes and metal ions have been extensively studied, as these biosorbents are low-cost and ecofriendly materials for water/wastewater treatment applications, and can be chemically modified, via various techniques, or genetically engineered to enhance their biosorption capacity. The functional groups, such as carboxyl, amine and phosphonate of the cell wall constituents (peptidoglycan, manan, chitin and chitosan), offer increase biosorption potentials.
Keywords: biosorption, dyes, immobilization, metals ions, microbial biosorbents, wastewaters

Particle air pollution (PM10) monitoring and public opinion on air quality. A case study in northeastern Romania

BRANIȘTE MIHAELA-VICTORIA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Romania
ȘTEFAN IULIANA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Romania
ANA MELANIA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Faculty of Hydrotechnical Engineering, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering, Romania
UNGA FLORIN, The Cyprus Institute, Climate & Atmosphere Research Center, Nicosia, Cyprus
MARIUS MIHAI CAZACU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, Department of Physics, Romania, cazacumarius@gmail.com

pages 55 - 67   Download
Abstract
Air pollution continues to be a concern for both the scientific community and the general population. Promoting pollution events and the impact they could have on the environment and human health must be an ongoing challenge. This paper presents a case study on ambient air quality by monitoring particle concentrations (PM10) in the northeastern part of Romania. The analysis of a survey on the opinion of the general population regarding air quality is also presented. The research began with our concern about the data issued by the WHO (World Health Organization) which shows that tens of thousands of people are lost, annually, prematurely due to pollution. Experimental data show that in some areas the concentration of PM10 is much exceeded. Moreover, in some areas this concentration is exceeded no less than 82 times in 7 months. At the same time, the survey shows that people believe they are responsible for the well-being of the environment but are not sufficiently informed about the quality of the air they breathe.
Keywords: PM10, air quality, survey

Habilitation thesis summary
Micro- and nanostructured materials with applications in medicine and environmental protection

MARGARETA GABRIELA CIOBANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, gciobanu@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 69 - 72   Download

2019, Issue 65(69), Fasc. 1 (March)

Contents

pages 1- 8    Download

The Most Efficient Processing Methods for Retaining the Medical Properties of Tam Jalapeno Chili Peppers

CLAUDIA COBZARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ALEXANDRA CIUBOTARIU (GHEMEȘ), "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CORINA CERNĂTESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ccernatescu@yahoo.com

pages 9 - 16    Download
Abstract
This study aims to establish the best processing methods for chili pepper, Tam Jalapeno variety that maintains its medicinal properties. Chili pepper has been processed by irradiation, dehydration, freezing, preservation as jam and maceration in vinegar, oil and brine. The medicinal properties of chili pepper were analysed for vitamin C content, Scoville hot scale and qualitative analysis of capsaicin by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Experimental data shows that the most effective methods for conservation that maintains its medicinal properties are: dehydration, preservation in brine, maceration in oil and as jam.
Keywords: chilli; maceration; irradiation; dehydration. Synthesis,

Characterization and Toxicity Analysis of Some Divalent Transition Metals Complexes With N-(p-nitrobenzoyl)-L-glycine

CĂTĂLINA ROȘCA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
VALERIU ȘUNEL, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iași, Romania, Faculty of Chemistry
MIHAELA CREȚU, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iași, Romania, Faculty of Chemistry
MARIANA DIACONU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
BOGDAN ISTRATE, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
GABRIELA LISĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
MIHAI IMBRIȘCĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CORNELIU STAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GABRIELA ANTOANETA APOSTOLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
DANIEL SUTIMAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, sutiman@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 17 - 33    Download
Abstract
This paper presents the synthesis, structural and physico-chemical characterization of Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes with N-(p-nitrobenzoyl)-L-glycine as ligand. Firstly, four complexes were synthesized in 1:2 molar ratio, followed by their characterization and determination of their toxic potential (toxicity lethal dose) as well analysis of some antifungal and antibacterial properties. The characterization step involved the structure investigation by elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, ESR and the thermal stability. Experimental data shows that all compounds have a crystalline structure (orthorhombic system) and are thermally stable up to temperatures above 100°C. Toxicity tests of new compounds were run on mice and the results indicate that the lowest value of the lethal dose is displayed by the copper compound. The biological and antifungal activities were investigated for all compounds, the cobalt compound displays the best antibacterial properties and the copper compound presents the best antifungal properties.
Keywords: divalent transitional metals complexes; N-(p-nitrobenzoyl)-L-glycine; XRD; FTIR; ESR; antibacterial and antifungal activity.

Textile Effluent Discoloration by Sorption onto Mesotrophic Peat

CARMEN ZAHARIA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, czah@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 35 - 44    Download
Abstract
The paper presents a few laboratory tests of adsorption onto mesotrophic peat (MP) applied to decolorize a real textile effluent by using the ‘batchwise’ sorption technique. For high efficiency of textile effluent discoloration, there were tested the following operating parameters: pH (1.6 - 10.86), sorbent dose (4 - 40 g/L), temperature (5°, 25° and 45°C), and sorption time (till 24 h). The best sorption performance was obtained at high acidic pH (1.6), with MP peat dose of 20 - 40 g/L, temperature of 25°C, initial intermittent agitation (no more than 3 - 5 min), continuous sorption operating regime, a minimum contact time of 780, or 840 min, and was varied between 53.50% and 57.25% for color removal, and also 47.04% - 51.80% for CODCr removal. To increase the textile effluent treatment degree can be applied also other physical-chemical or biological treatment steps (i.e. coagulation-flocculation, advanced oxidation/reduction, membrane processes as ultrafiltration, ionic exchange, etc.).
Keywords: adsorption; discoloration; textile effluent; mesotrophic peat (MP); treatment efficiency.

Simple and Rapid Spectrophotometric Determination of Au(III) Ions Using Rhodamine B As Colour Reagent

GABRIELA-TANIA DOGARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ELENA FILIPOV, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
IUSTINA VĂLIANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LAURA BULGARIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, lbulg@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 45 - 55    Download
Abstract
In this study a simple spectrophotometric method is proposed for the rapid determination of Au(III) ions from aqueous solution. The proposed method use Rhodamine B as colour reagent, and the reaction occurs immediately in strong acid media (2 N HCl solution). The purple complex shows a maximum of adsorption at 520 nm, against a blank solution. The method allows the determination of Au(III) ions in a concentration range of 1.5 – 3.5 μg·mL-1, with a molar absortivity of 8.71·105 L·mol-1·cm-1 and a detection limit of 0.18 μg·mL-1. Although the method exhibits a relatively good selectivity over other heavy metals (Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II)) which may be present in different real samples, the constituents of water samples drastically interfere with the determination of ions Au(III) by the proposed spectrophotometric method, which makes this method can only be used for the analysis of laboratory solutions.
Keywords: Au(III) determination; Rhodamine B; aqueous solution; spectrophotometry; simple analysis method.

Valorization of Residual Biomass as Biosorbent: Study of Biosorption Brilliant Red Dye from Aqueos Media

IOANA LUIZA HORCIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ALEXANDRA CRISTINA BLAGA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CARMEN ZAHARIA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
SONIA DASCĂLU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
DANIELA ȘUTEU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 57 - 68    Download
Abstract
A direction for the use of immobilized biomass is to obtain biosorbents to be utilized inbiosorption process of chemical pollutants applied as specific step in the treatment of industrial wastewater. The non-living Bacillus sp. and Aspergillus sp. biomass immobilized in alginate has been studied for use as a biosorbent to remove Brilliant Red HE-3B organic dye from aqueous medium. Batch experimental studies were focused on determining the influence of certain physical-chemical operating parameters of the biosorption process of the dye, such as: temperature, pH, biosorbent dose, phase contact time, chemical compound concentrations, and dose of biomass.
Keywords: biosorbent; biosorption; organic chemical pollutants; immobilization; residual biomass.

2019, Issue 65(69), Fasc. 2 (June)

Contents

pages 1- 8    Download

Emulsions Based on Rosemary Essential Oil – Beeswax System Used in Manufacturing of Value – Added Textiles for Skin Care Benefits

CARMEN ZAHARIA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, czah@ch.tuiasi.ro
ANGELA DĂNILĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, Faculty of Textiles, Leather and Industrial Management
EMIL IOAN MUREȘAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
DANIELA ȘUTEU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 9 - 20    Download
Abstract
This work presents briefly the preparation methodology of nine emulsions based on beeswax - rosemary essential oil system (iR, i=1…9) and its specific quality characteristics, representatives being emulsions 3R, 4R, 8R and 9R in manufacturing of value - added textiles for aromatherapy and skin care benefits. These prepared emulsions were preliminarily characterized by some specific physical-chemical properties and quality indicators (i.e. pH, absolute density, acidity index, peroxide index, content of conjugated dienes and trienes, total content of polyphenols and flavonoids) as well as sensory analysis which was permitted the recommendation of the most indicated emulsion to be used by a Romanian textiles manufacturer in order to add value to its textile products, considering emulsions in-time stability (after 1 and 8 months of storage at room temperature) and its potential antibacterial action after textile impregnation. This work underlines also that the most recommendable emulsion is 4R emulsion followed by 8R emulsion, both having a relative good in-time stability till the separation of organic and aqueous phases as well as a satisfactory content of polyphenols and flavonoids.
Keywords: added-value textile material; emulsion; in-time stability; physical-chemical quality indicators; skin care benefit; textile impregnation.

Separation of Waste Industrial Gases with Magnesium

IOAN BARABULICĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ioan.barabulica@tuiasi.ro
IOAN MĂMĂLIGĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 21 - 35    Download
Abstract
The metallic magnesium is a material with an interesting mix of properties which makes it attractive for research area and is often found in nature, but in a more scattered way. The disadvantages of using magnesium came from its costs and its danger presented by the high reactivity with gases closer to the melting point. The expensiveness of magnesium came from the high energy intake to extract the metal from magnesium row materials existed in nature. Over time and related to new technological development magnesium has become a very useful material either in an elementary state or in bind state, the fact that put pressure on optimizing production technologies. This study uses the property to react with gases of magnesium for some industrial applications and came with a few ideas of research directions that can lead to energy savings, optimizing of some existent technologies and brigs its contribution in some environmental issues.
KKeywords: magnesium; nitrogen; carbon dioxide; magnesium nitride; reactions.

The Advantages of The Households Preservation for Vegetables and Fruits

CLAUDIA COBZARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CLAUDIA FELICIA CHIHALĂU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CORINA CERNĂTESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ccernatescu@yahoo.com

pages 37 - 44    Download
Abstract
This study presents the benefits of preserving vegetables and fruits in households. Experimental data show that, compared to industrially preserved food, the products preserved in households have the advantages of simple preparation methods, without adding additives but having the same shelf life as industrial cans or maybe even longer and that can be obtained after a personal recipe.
Keywords: industrial conservation vs. preservation in households; vegetables; fruits; canned vegetables; canned fruits.

Tailoring Photocatalysts Nanoarchitectonics for Degrading Industrial Dyes

DIANA GÎLEA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
SOFRONIA DRANCA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GABRIELA CÂRJĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, gcarja@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 45 - 54    Download
Abstract
In this work we report novel photocatalysts based on Zn - based layered double hydroxides (LDHs), as active photocatalysts for degrading the following industrial dyes: drimaren red (DR), drimaren navy (DN) and nylosan (NYL). X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV–vis analyses were used to investigate the structure, composition and photoresponsive features of the catalysts. The catalysts photoefficiency was analyzed by UV–vis following the absorbance (A) at 283 nm, 277 nm and 567 nm characteristic to DR, DN and NYL, respectively. The results point out that the studied LDHs present high photocatalytic activity for the degradation of the dyes; such that the maximum photocatalytic efficiency was about 80%. The catalytic performances of ZnAlLDH and the derived mixed oxides are a function of the specific composition of the clay.
Keywords: layered double hydroxides; industrial dyes; photocatalysts; environmental catalysis.

Rapid and Simple Method for The Preparation of Iron Nanoparticles Functionalized with Alginate and Their Use as Adsorbent

ALINA-ROXANA LUCACI, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LAURA BULGARIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, lbulg@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 55 - 64    Download
Abstract. In recent years, the use of iron nanoparticles in absorption processes has been considered promising alternative to traditional methods, due to the numerous advantages. The most important advantage is that iron nanoparticles can be easily functionalized with various organic compounds and thus their adsorbent performance can be improved. In this study, an easy and simple method was used for the preparation of iron nanoparticles functionalized with alginate (Fe-NPs-Alg), and the adsorbent performances of the obtained material were tested for the removal of Cu(II) ions from an aqueous solution.The batch absorption experiments were performed as a function of initial Cu(II) ions concentration and contact time, at constant initial solution pH of 4.4, adsorbent dose (2.0 g/L) and room temperature (25 ± 1°C). The adsorption experiments showed that the Cu(II) ions adsorption on Fe-NPs-Alg reaches the equilibrium in maximum 120 min, and the maximum adsorption capacity is 36.53 mg/g. The results have indicate that Fe-NPs-Alg have good adsorptive characteristics and can be used for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution.
Keywords: iron nanoparticles; alginate; functionalization; Cu(II) ions adsorption; aqueous media.

2019, Issue 65(69), Fasc. 3 (September)

Contents

pages 1- 8    Download

Electrochemical behavior of TiMoxNby alloys in simulated biological fluid

MARIA MAGDALENA PRICOPI, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ROMEO CHELARIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania,
GABRIELA ANTOANETA APOSTOLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
NICOLAE APOSTOLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
DANIEL SUTIMAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, sutiman@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 9 - 15    Download
Abstract
The present study explores the electrochemical behavior of Ti-Mo-Nb alloys with: open-circuit potential, potential-dynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in SBF solution. The paper presents a deep analysis of the processes that take place on the surface of the alloy/electrolyte interface on the electrochemical behavior of the samples under investigation. The measurements were performed in simulated biological fluid (SBF) for one hour of immersion. The EIS results showed that TiMoNb alloys exhibit passivity for open circuit potential.
Keywords: Ti-Mo-Nb alloys; corrosion resistance; SBF solution; biomaterial application.

Photocatalytic degradation of cationic tri-arylmethane dye - Methyl Violet 10B on ZnS catalysts under UV irradiation

NICOLAE APOSTOLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
IULIAN MOROȘANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CORINA CERNĂTESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CLAUDIA COBZARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
RAMONA-ELENA TĂTARU-FĂRMUȘ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
MIHAELA AURELIA VIZITIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GABRIELA ANTOANETA APOSTOLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ganto@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 17 - 25    Download
Abstract
The presence of tri-arylmethane dyes in waste water is an issue of major concern due to the toxic potential to the environment. The conversion of these pollutants into mineral products with minimal energy is a major goal of the world scientific community. In this study, we investigate the photocatalytic degradation under UV light of Methyl Violet 10B, a complex dye with antibacterial, anthelmintic and antifungal effects, used in local administration or in the textile industry. The reaction conditions (irradiation time, radiation nature and catalyst loading) were evaluated in order to obtain an optimum time to discolouration, the results suggesting that the used ZnS can be successfully used to degrade the Methyl Violet 10B dye.
Keywords: Methyl Violet 10B; photocatalysis; ZnS catalysts; UV light; wastewater.

Simple methods for quantitative determination of sulphate ions from aqueous media with industrial applications

LARISA ANECHIŢEI, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
TATIANA COJOCARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
IOANA-GIORGIANA MUNTEANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LAURA BULGARIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, lbulg@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 27 - 37    Download
Abstract
In this study, two simple methods (conductometric titration and turbidimetric method) have been used for the quantitative determination of sulphate ions from aqueous media. Both methods are based on the reaction between sulphate ions and BaCl2, when a white precipitate (BaSO4) is obtained. The main advantage of this reaction is that the formation of the BaSO4 precipitate occurs almost under any experimental conditions. Therefore, the two methods were comparatively examined to establish their applicability limits in the quantitative determination of sulphate ions. Thus, several important analytical parameters, such as usable concentration range, detection limit, precision, selectivity, etc., were evaluated based on the experimental results, in each case. The results included in this study show that these two methods complement each other, and allow the determination of sulphate ions from a wide range of industrial samples.
Keywords: Sulphate determination; conductometric titration; turbidimetric method; aqueous solution; industrial applications.

Natural and artificial dehydratation of apples and bananas. Comparative studies

CLAUDIA COBZARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ANA OLTEANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ADRIANA MARINOIU, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies - ICSI Râmnicu Vâlcea, Romania
CORINA CERNĂTESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ccernatescu@yahoo.com

pages 39 - 49    Download
Abstract
In this study, the natural and artificial dehydration of apples and bananas was performed. The products were dehydrated naturally, at room temperature, and artificially in the oven, radiator and microwave. The resulting dehydrated products were analysed for the vitamin C and carbohydrates content, total acidity and dry substance (in this case sugar content). Experimental results showed that after dehydration, all products still contain small amounts of vitamin C, and the sugar values for dried apple samples are higher than for dry bananas. Furthermore, for all dehydrated products, the total acidity is low and the pH is high, making dried products, compared to fresh ones, more tolerable for consumers with digestive problems, as detailed below.
Keywords: natural dehydration; artificial dehydration; apples; bananas.

Experimental equipments used in the study of carbon dioxide absorption (II)

RAMONA-ELENA TĂTARU-FĂRMUȘ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, rtataru@ch.tuiasi.ro
RAMONA-ELENA MOLDOVANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
MARIA HARJA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 51 - 58    Download
Abstract
Carbon dioxide is a component of industrial gaseous fluxes and is frequently removed to improve gas quality or to prevent catalyst poisoning. It is obvious that CO2 emissions play a primary role in global warming. There are several ways to remove CO2 - absorption, adsorption, cryogenic separation, permeation through membranes and chemical conversion. The industrial plant for absorption consists of the absorption unit, the regeneration unit and auxiliary equipment. Over time, the absorption process investigations were carried out using innovative equipment, which would improve the performance of this process.
Keywords: absorption; carbon dioxide; experimental devices; solvents.

2019, Issue 65(69), Fasc. 4 (December)

Contents

pages 1- 8    Download

Synthesis and Characterization of Intermediate Azobenzene Derivatives with Terminal Polar Groups

VICTOR PRICOP, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
EMA SAVA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ANA CIȘLARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CORINA MĂLUȚAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
AUREL SIMION, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
IRINA CÂRLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, icarlescu@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 9 - 14    Download
Abstract.
The paper presents synthesis and characterization of some intermediate azobenzene compounds containing polar ending groups with the purpose to obtain final bent-core liquid crystals with potential semiconducting properties. The azobenzene compounds were synthetized by diazotization and condensation reaction of the corresponding amine derivatives, 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline and 4-aminobenzonitrile followed by esterification with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid protected previously with benzyl chloride. All the synthetized compounds were purified by recrystallization or column chromatography and their structures were confirmed by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR studies. Keywords: azoderivatives; 3-hydroxybenzoic acid; 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline; 4-aminobenzonitrile.

Recycling Electronic Waste. Study for the Recovery of Precious Metals

RAMONA-ELENA TĂTARU-FĂRMUȘ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CORINA CERNĂTESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GABRIELA ANTOANETA APOSTOLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ganto@ch.tuiasi.ro
CLAUDIA COBZARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
NICOLAE APOSTOLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
MIHAELA AURELIA VIZITIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
RALUCA-ELENA BACIU, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Dental Medicine

pages 15 - 26    Download
Abstract
This paper presents the results obtained in recovering precious metals from electronic waste (printed circuit board - PCB) by using simple mechanical and chemical procedures. Collected PCBs were disassembled and the components were separated using density and magnetic separation method. After the chemical recycling processes, the samples were examined by EDAX and SEM, the analysis showing the presence of silver in a mass percentage of 5.29%.
Keywords: gold; silver; printed circuit board; waste management.

Preliminary Studies About Co(II) Metallic Ions Retention from Aqueous Solutions onto PVA-Cellulose Composite Hydrogels

IULIA NEBUNU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CARMEN ZAHARIA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
RAMONA-ELENA TĂTARU- FĂRMUȘ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
RALUCA IOANA BARON, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Romanian Academy, Iași, Romania
SERGIU COSERI, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Romanian Academy, Iași, Romania
DANIELA ȘUTEU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, danasuteu67@yahoo.com

pages 27 - 36    Download
Abstract
A direction for the use of composite hydrogel based on PVA and cellulose is the preparation of efficient adsorbents in the adsorption/ sorption/biosorption processes of inorganic chemical species from aqueous systems, including wastewaters. Thus, the PVA-cellulose hydrogel (Ox25C) was studied as adsorbent in the removal of Co2+ metallic ions from aqueous solutions. Batch experimental studies focused on the determination of the influence of some important physical operating parameters on the adsorption of metallic ions, such as: pH, adsorbent dose, phases contact time, temperature, and metal ion concentration were performed. The experimental results recommend the use of PVA-cellulose composite hydrogel (Ox25C) in the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous systems, predominantly by adsorption process types.
Keywords: adsorption; aqueous medium; hydrogel adsorbent; inorganic chemical pollutants.

Evaluation of Thermal Treatments Effect on Human Hair by Thermal Analysis

ANDREEA CĂLUIAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, SC Delphi Tehnologies SRL
TOMINA BRAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Autoliv Romania
ELENA-LUIZA EPURE, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, lepure@tuiasi.ro

pages 37 - 44    Download
Abstract
Hair provides a series of information about the health and lifestyle of people. The article’s topic is focused on the thermal analysis of different human hair samples. Three sample series were examined, so two series were prolong exposed at high and low temperatures, and the third series of samples was maintained at room temperatures. The thermal stability of these samples was evaluated using the Tonset as reference criteria. Even if small differences in the thermogravimetric behavior were observed at the analyzed samples, an interesting fact was observed in the first stage of degradation, the samples kept in warm experimental conditions had a higher thermal resistance than the similar samples from the other two series.
Keywords: human hair; residue; meteo-sensitivity; thermostability; thermal treatments.

Analysis of the Vascular Flora from a Soil Affected by Anthropogenic Sources

TEODORA ALEXANDRA ZOTICA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
SIMONA DUMITRIȚA CHIRILĂ, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Biology
CĂTĂLIN BALAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
IRINA VOLF, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, iwolf@tuiasi.ro

pages 45 - 52    Download
Abstract
 The area of study (a length of 385 m and a width of 202 m), located at approximately 10 km outside Iași district (47°09'02.6"N- 27°42'51.5"E), is affected by some anthropic activities such as the proximity of transport infrastructure, accidentally waste disposal and more important by industrial activities. This paper examines the floristic elements from taxonomic, environmental preferences as well as from the phyto-economic potential point of view. This analysis is necessary in order to determine the dominant species, some of which may be considered candidates for a phytoremediation process. Moreover, these data represent inputs for a diagnostic analysis of the polluted area in order to design an ecological restoration plan.
Keywords: ecological indexes; environmental preferences; floral elements; phyto-economic potential; spontaneous flora.

2018, Issue 64(68), Fasc. 1 (March)

Contents

pages 1- 8    Download

TG/MS/FTIR Study of Thermal Decompositions of Some Baby Teats

ANDREEA MIHĂILĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
MĂDĂLINA MACOVEI, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LĂCRĂMIOARA MAIECZKI, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
MARINA VODUŢ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
NIŢĂ TUDORACHI, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Iași, Romania
GABRIELA LISĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, gapreot@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 9 - 18    Download
Abstract
Our research consisted of the determination of the mass losses and degradation products in gaseous state obtained further to the analysis of teats used for the feeding of babies by means of the TG/MS/FTIR technique. The TG curve profiles are similar in the teats made of silicone rubber, the resulting residue amounting to 57%. The teat made of latex is almost fully degraded, the resulting amount of residue being only 0.5%. The analysis of the MS spectra obtained at 371°C temperature has provided information of the main ionic fragments resulting during the thermal decomposition onset stage. The findings were also confirmed by the FTIR spectra recorded for the same temperature. Our research also confirmed the presence of Bisphenol A in one of the two teats made of silicone rubber.
Keywords: thermal decompositions; TG/MS/FTIR; baby teats; Bisphenol A.

Azo-Polymers – Photocromic Behaviour Studies

CRISTINA-MARIA HERGHILIGIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, c_paius@ch.tuiasi.ro
IRINA CÂRLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
DAN SCUTARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
NICOLAE HURDUC, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 19 - 32    Download
Abstract
Understanding the response to illumination at molecular level and characteristics of azo-materials features the key to new bio-science applications and not only. Although a number of mechanisms have been proposed, the entire process of forming structured surfaces is not yet fully elucidated. For a better understanding of the nanostructuration process, the irradiation studies of azo-polymeric films were performed only in condensed phase. Response rate evaluation of azo-polysiloxanic materials to light stimuli, respectively the determination of the cis-trans equilibrium value were carried out at different radiation intensity values to highlight the phenomena occurring both at the surface and in the film depth, within photoinduced patterning processes. Films were irradiated in UV and VIS field. Results indicate that photochemical response of the azo-material is different depending on its chemical structure, irradiation wavelength, irradiation intensity value and the film thickness.
Keywords: azo-polysiloxanes; UV/Vis irradiation; photoisomerization; bulk film.

Preliminary Assessments About the Sorbtive Properties of New Types of Tempo-Oxidized Cellulose and Pullulan - PVA Hybrid Hydrogels: Organic Dyes and Metallic Ions Retentions

IULIA NICA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
RALUCA IOANA BARON, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Romanian Academy, Iași, Romania
GABRIELA BILIUȚĂ, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Romanian Academy, Iași, Romania
SERGIU COȘERI, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Romanian Academy, Iași, Romania
DANIELA ȘUTEU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, danasuteu67@yahoo.com

pages 33 - 42 Download
Abstract
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a biodegradable polymer, largely used in the last years for the production of biodegradable hybrid materials, as a substitute of traditional polyethylene or polypropylene polymers. These materials have proved beneficial applications in water filtration, paper industry, mats and films production, and packaging. However, the PVA itself suffer of poor mechanical strength, requiring other components able to improve this property. Thereby, we propose the use of various amounts of natural polymers, i.e. cellulose and pullulan, in the form of C6 oxidized derivatives, as multifunctional key components, acting both as cross-linking agents, but also increasing the strengthening and stiffness properties of the as prepared hybrid PVA hydrogels. Therefore, several hybrid PVA hydrogels, with different amounts of incorporated polysaccharide (PVA-5P, PVA-10P, PVA-25P; PVA-5C, PVA-10C and PVA-25C) were synthesized and tested as sorbents for two models of dyes (Orange 16 and Methylene Blue) and Co2+ as metallic ions.
Keywords: hydrogels; cellulose; pullulan; dyes; metallic ions; sorbent.

Changes in Soil pH Due to The Use of Chemical Fertilizers

RAMONA-ELENA TĂTARU-FĂRMUȘ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ROXANA GEORGIANA COCEA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ANCA ADOMNICĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
NICOLAE APOSTOLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, napostol@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 43 - 50 Download
Abstract
Although soil is commonly referred to as "fertile substrate", not all soils are favorable for crop cultivation. Soils ideal for agriculture are balanced in terms of mineral, organic, air and water. Each of these factors plays a direct role in obtaining a good quality soil for agriculture. Soil pH is a very important element to be known because it occurs in many physicochemical and biological soil mechanisms. Optimal soil pH range for plant growth varies from one crop to another. Generally, soil pH 6.0-7.5 is acceptable for most plants like most nutrients are available in this pH range. The use of mineral fertilizers, although beneficial and imperative to obtain good qualitative and quantitative crops, changes the soil pH. The present paper proposes a laboratory study on changes in pH caused by the use of mineral fertilizers such as urea, ammonium nitrate, NPK complex fertilizer, combinations of these, with or without the addition of calcium carbonate - as an amendment. The research has revealed the direct link between the use of fertilizers and the modification of soil pH values.
Keywords: chemical fertilizers; NPK; soil pH; urea.

Comparative Study of Alginate Extraction Methods from Red Marine Algae Callithamnion Corymbosum Sp.

ALINA-ROXANA LUCACI, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LAURA BULGARIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, lbulg@tuiasi.ro

pages 51 - 60 Download
Abstract
In recent years studies related to the metal ions biosorption on biological materials have increased significantly. Unfortunately, the relatively low biosorptive performances of most of natural biomasses have determined the finding of simple and cheap methods for the separation of various compounds from biomass composition, which are more efficient in the biosorption processes. Alginate is an active compound found in marine algae, and which is a great interest in environmental engineering. In this study are adapted and compared two methods for alginate extraction using red algae biomass (Callithamnion corymbosum sp.) as raw material. The main advantages and disadvantages of each extraction procedure are highlighted, in order to provide the best way to extract the alginate from marine algae biomass. Also, the biosoptive performances of the extracted alginate was tested in the biosorption process of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution.
Keywords: Alginate extraction; red marine algae; biosorption; Cu(II) ions; aqueous solution.

Habilitation thesis summary:
Heavy Metals Removal from Wastewaters by Sorption Processes

LAVINIA TOFAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, lavinia_tofan@yahoo.com

pages 61 - 68 Download
Abstract
The habilitation thesis presents the most significant results of the researches oriented towards polymeric materials (organic synthetic resins and polyurethane foams) and waste materials as sorption media for heavy metal ions. Some new chelating sorbents have been prepared by covalent immobilization of desired groups, also by some special, noncovalent methods. The proposed polymer sorbents have enhanced efficiency and good selectivity towards targeted precious and toxic heavy metal ions. Some indigenous wastes (hemp, rapeseed, Romanian pine bark, fly ash) have been investigated as potential sorbents for Cu(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Pb(II) ions. The obtained results of are significant for the future development of the tested wastes into beneficial materials for industrial and environmental applications.

2018, Issue 64(68), Fasc. 2 (June)

Contents

pages 1- 8    Download

Simple Functionalization Methods of PET Waste Using Phenolic Compounds

OANA IONELA UNGUREANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ANCA MIHAELA MOCANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LAURA BULGARIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, lbulg@ch.tuiasi.ro 

pages 9 - 19    Download
Abstract
The adsorptive performances of PET waste are very low, for most of metal ions and dyes from aqueous media, and from this reason their use as adsorbent in the environmental remediation processes, is inefficient. Increasing the adsorption capacity of PET waste involves improving of the number of superficial functional groups, and this can be generally done by the functionalization with certain chemical compounds. But most of functionalization procedure also implies the dissolving of PET waste in a suitable solvent, which is not so easy. In this study, two phenolic compounds (phenol and p-chloride-phenol) have been used for the dissolution and functionalization of PET waste, to obtain new adsorbent materials with applications in the environmental remediation. The preparation of these two adsorbent materials were detailed discusses to highlight the main advantages and disadvantages of each. Also, their adsorptive performances have been tested in case of Cu(II) ions removal from aqueous media. The experimental results have shown that the functionalization of PET waste with these organic compounds increase the adsorption efficiency of obtained materials for Cu(II) ions with more than 200% in case of PET waste functionalized with p-chloride-phenol and with more than 350% in case PET waste functionalized with phenol. This significant increase in adsorption capacity opens up new perspectives in the use of PET waste as adsorbent material for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous media.
Keywords: PET waste; absorbent material; functionalization; phenolic compounds; Cu(II) ions; aqueous media.

Efficient Fenton-Like Catalysis for Ibuprofen Degradation Under Solar Light Using Iron and Manganese Supported on ZnAl/Layered Double Hydroxides

MIHAELA DARIE, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GABRIELA CARJA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, gcarja@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 21 - 31    Download
Abstract
Herein we report the fabrication of efficient photocatalysts for degrading ibuprofen from aqueous solutions by solar light by photocatalysis and photo-Fenton catalysis processes. Heterostructures composites of iron or iron-manganese (Fe = 10 wt%; Mn = 4 wt%) self-supported on the surface of zinc-based layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were synthesized by exploiting the manifestation of the LDHs "structural memory" effect in aqueous solutions of iron and manganese salts and further tested as catalysts. ZnAl anionic clay (as Zn2+/Al3+ molar ratio = 3) was obtained by coprecipitation method. The characteristics of Fe-Mn/ZnAl and Fe/ZnAl heterostructures were described by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and solid-phase UV-Vis spectrophotometric analyses. Photocatalytic and photo-Fenton studies were performed in batch mode using appropriate amounts of catalysts and H2O2 as Fenton reagent. The UNNASOL (US800, 250 W) solar simulator was used as an irradiation source and an UV-Vis spectrophotometer to monitor the ibuprofen concentration. The present study indicate that ibuprofen degradation for photo-Fenton process reached a high efficiency in the presence of Fe-Mn/ZnAl and Fe/ZnAl photocatalysts.
Keywords: nanocomposite; ibuprofen; Fenton; solar light; photodegradation.

Researches on the Biopesticides Obtained by Extraction with Non-Toxic Solvents and the Insecticide Effect on Deposit Pests

GABRIEL DARABAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
MARINELA BADEANU, "Ion Ionescu de la Brazi" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Iași, Romania, Faculty of Horticulture
LĂCRĂMIOARA RUSU, "Vasile Alecsandri" University of Bacău, Romania, Faculty of Engineering
DANIELA ȘUTEU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, dsuteu@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 33 - 41    Download
Abstract
Ensuring food quality is a requirement of our days, because people have become self-aware with their own bodies, especially ensuring and maintaining the health and the quality of their life. In this context, is increasing tendency towards the consumption of products containing as small quantities of chemicals as possible, especially from the pesticide class. Recent data show that a growing number of essential plant oils have been tested against a wide range of arthropod pests with promising results. Vegetal extracts have shown high efficacy, multiple mechanisms of action and low toxicity on vertebrates. Making an overview of the scientific achievements in the field of biopesticides it were created the premises of the experimental study approach to find alternative solutions for the replacement of chemical pesticides which are used in agriculture and the food industry with biopesticides obtained from plants from the spontaneous flora of Moldavia and Bucovina areas. In this context it was being investigated the extraction of some chemical compounds with repellent and/or germicidal effect on pests deposit (insect beans - Acanthoscelides obsoletus).
Keywords: biopesticides; extraction; insecticide effect; vegetal extract.

Remediation of Aqueous Solutions Containing Zn(II) Ions by Using Wastes of Abies Alba Bark

LAVINIA TOFAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CARMEN PĂDURARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection , cpadur2005@yahoo.com
ION BUNIA, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Iași, Romania
ROXANA LAURA MIHĂILESCU AMĂLINEI, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy
ANCA MIRON, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy

pages 43 - 57    Download
Abstract
Batch sorption capability of Romanian Abies alba bark wastes for the removal of Zn(II) ions from diluted aqueous solutions has been investigated as function of initial pH, sorbent dose, metal ion concentration, temperature, and contact time. The ability of the bark waste for Zn(II) sorption exhibited a maximum at pH 4.5-5. The percent removal of Zn(II) from solution with an initial concentration of 71.4 mg/L varied from 15% to 87.9% for an increase of bark waste dose to 2 at 30 g/L. The equilibrium data are best explained by both Langmuir and Freundlich sorption isotherm. Thermodynamic parameters also favor the sorption of heavy metal ions under study on Abies alba bark. Kinetics of sorption follows pseudo – first order rate equation. This valuable use of Abies alba bark may not only convert this waste material into low- cost effective sorbent, but also provide a viable solution to its disposal.
Keywords: Abies alba;; bark; zinc; removal; waste.

Anthropogenic Pollution Due to Emission of Heavy Metals Generated from a Lignite Thermal Power Plant in Romania

DELIA NICA-BADEA, "Constantin Brâncuși" University of Târgu-Jiu, Romania, Faculty of Technical, Medical and Behavioral Sciences
LILIANA LAZĂR, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
BRÎNDUȘA MIHAELA SLUȘER, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, brobu@ch.tuiasi.ro
IGOR CREȚESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, icre@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 59 - 73    Download
Abstract
This experimental study addresses to the distribution of heavy metals in the area of Turceni, as a result of anthropogenic pollution produced by one of the biggest Romanian coal combustion thermal power plant. The concentrations of various heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Mn, Pb, Ni, Co, Cd, and Hg) in soil, vegetation and agricultural products was carried out by using a high resolution analytical technique (Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy). The monitoring area was located around the anthropogenic pollution sources i.e. inside the power plant, around the ash deposit, and in some rural communities located in the direction of current propagation where particles generated by the exhaust stacks combustion are predominant distributed. The concentration of heavy metals in plants is dependent on metal type, plant genotype, soil and environmental conditions, decreasing as a result of measures for limitation of emissions. The annual average concentrations do not exceed the maximum allowed concentration, but the enclosure of power plant and the deposit of slag and ash, which was not proved to affect the human health.
Keywords: heavy metals; atomic absorption spectrometry; anthropogenic pollution; thermal power plant.

2018, Issue 64(68), Fasc. 3 (September)

Contents

pages 1- 8    Download

Simple  and  Rapid Spectrophotometric Method for Phenol Determination in Aqueous Media

ALEXANDRA GEORGIANA APOSTICĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
TATIANA ICHIM, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
VERONICA MĂDĂLINA RADU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LAURA BULGARIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, lbulg@tuiasi.ro

pages 9 - 18    Download
Abstract
Simple and selective determination of phenol from aqueous media was spectrophotometrically examined using ferric chloride as colour reagent. The reaction between phenol and FeCl3 occurs rapidly (1-2 min), without to be necessary the adjustment of solution pH. The visible spectra of the purple complex, recorded against distilled water, show a maximum at 540 nm, and the absorbance remains stable for at least 10 hours. This method allows the determination of phenol from aqueous media in a relatively wide concentration range (0.09 – 2.30 mg·mL-1), with acceptable detection limits. The interferences caused by methanol, ethanol, acetone and ethylic ether were evaluated on the basis of the selectivity coefficients. The validation of the proposed method was done by recovery tests of phenol in tap water. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method allows a rapid and simple quantitative determination of phenol in aqueous media, and can be used to test the quality of industrial effluents.
Keywords: Phenol; ferric chloride; spectrophotometric method; aqueous solution; industrial applications.

A Suitable Method for Polyphenols Complexes with Copper

ROXANA-PETRONELA DAMASCHIN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
VALENTIN I. POPA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
IRINA VOLF, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, iwolf@tuiasi.ro

pages 19 - 29    Download
Abstract
Polyphenols represent a class of natural compounds with significant bioactive attributes. One of the important property of polyphenols is the complexing of ion metals. Following this process, some complexes with impressive antioxidant properties could be obtained. The literature lists several methods considering different polyphenols, ion metals and reaction solution as well as experimental conditions including concentration, pH and temperature. This great variety of possibilities requires an analysis to establish the suitable reaction solution and the main parameters as well as their range of variation. Withal, some polyphenols model molecules have to be proposed.
Keywords: polyphenols; metal ions; complex combination; reaction solution and parameters.

Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity Evaluation of Some Divalent Tranzitional Metals Complexes with N-p-Nitrobenzoyl-D-L- Phenylglycine

CĂTĂLINA ROŞCA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
VALERIU ŞUNEL, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemistry
MIHAELA CREŢU, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemistry
MARIANA DIACONU,  "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
DANIEL MARECI,  "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CARMEN MÎŢĂ, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemistry
CORNEL STAN,  "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GABRIELA ANTOANETA APOSTOLESCU,  "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
DANIEL SUTIMAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, sutiman@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 31- 48    Download
Abstract
This paper presents the synthesis of some Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes with N-p-nitrobenzoyl-D-L-phenylglycine (NBPG) as ligand. The characterization of the above mentioned synthesised compounds involved the structure determination by elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron spin resonance (ESR). Experimental data sustain that all Mn, Co, Ni and Cu derivatives of N-p-nitrobenzoyl-D-L-phenylglycine present a crystalline structure framed orthorhombic system and are thermally stable up to temperatures above 100°C. The results of the toxicity tests on mice indicated that the lowest value of the lethal dose is displayed by the Cu complex compound. The antibacterial and antifungal activities investigations revealed that the  Co[(L)2(H2O)2] compound displays the best antibacterial properties while the Cu[(L)2(H2O)2] compound presents the best antifungal properties.
Keywords: antibacterial and antifungal activity; divalent transitional metals complexes; ESR; FTIR; N-p-nitrobenzoyl-D-L-phenylglycine; XRD.

Antimicrobial  Properties  and  Importance of Tannins for the Food Industry

ANCA MIHAELA MOCANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ancamocanu@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 49 - 56    Download
Abstract
The present paper is aimed to perform extended studies on the tannins extracted from the green nuts with a special attention paid to the separation methods and testing of the anti-microbial activity against some gram- positive and gram-negative micro-organisms as well as against the fungi. For finding the optimum extraction method the extractions by mechanical stirring and in ultrasonic field were carried out while the polyphenolic compounds were determined by applying the spectrophotometric method. The sensitivity of micro-organisms toward the tannin compounds was tested under the optimum standard conditions. Following the antibacterial test the inhibitory action of the tannin compounds on the microorganisms under study was estimated which affords their use in food industry by adding them in various food products (cake creams, certain sausage and cheese types).
Keywords: green nuts; separation methods; microorganisms; difusimetric method; tested activity.

Effect of Surface Morphology on Cell Growth on Polyester Films Immobilized with Biomolecules

MIOARA DROBOTĂ, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Iași, Romania, miamiara@icmpp.ro
GRAȚIELA PIRCALABIORU, Sanimed International Impex S.R.L, București, Romania; Research Institute of University of Bucharest, Romania
MARIA BUTNARU, Biomedical Sciences "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania

pages 57 - 66    Download
Abstract
There are many methods to modify the surface properties of the polymer films, such as chemical, mechanical, enzymatic or physical treatments. The polyesters are frequently used to improve the adhesion of the proteins and cells due to their excellent surfaces properties. The purpose of this study was to monitoring changed surfaces in order to improved proteins anchoring on the surface. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was the designated polymer due its excellent properties. The surface of this polymer has been investigated regarding the interactions of the polymer surface with proteins after UV functionalization for improving the adhesion properties using methods such as FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle, and biocompatibility tests.
Keywords: cells; gelatine; hybrid materials; polar groups; UV functionalization.

 

2018, Issue 64(68), Fasc. 4 (December)

Contents

pages 1- 8    Download

Biosorbent Based on Nonliving Biomass for Textile Dye Retention from Aqueous Media

LUIZA IOANA HORCIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ALEXANDRA CRISTINA BLAGA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CARMEN ZAHARIA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
DANIELA ȘUTEU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, dsuteu@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 9 - 17    Download
Abstract
Due to the benefits of using microorganisms or grafting natural materials as bio-adsorbents, the specialists’ attention has been oriented to developing new techniques of bioremediation, as a part of the environment biotechnologies. The article presents the results regarding the biosorptive behavior of non-living biomass (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) immobilized in alginate granules for removing different organic dyes (i.e. Orange 16, Brilliant Red HE-3B, Rhodamine B, Methylene Blue) from aqueous solution. The biosorption process has been studied in order to establish the optimum conditions of operating process: solution pH, temperature, contact time, initial dye concentration, and type of dye.
Keywords: aqueous media; biosorbent; biomass; biosorption; dye.      

 New Materials for Bone Regeneration

MARIA SPIRIDON, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Iași, Romania, dana_spiridon_is@yahoo.com
GRAȚIELA PIRCALABIORU,  Sanimed International Impex, București, Romania, Research Institute of University of Bucharest, Romania

pages 19 - 25    Download
Abstract
Tissue engineering applications are being developed with the aim to regenerate, remodel, replace or support damaged tissues and organs. Many types of biomaterials have been studied for this purpose. The need for development of new biomimetic materials was the answer for many researchers. Scaffolds utilized in diverse applications of medicine, particularly, for bone tissue engineering must include mechanical properties, integration with host, osteoinductive (actively induce bone formation), osteoconductive (guide and support bone regeneration) properties and material biocompatibility. Also they can act as three-dimensional vehicles to deliver cells.to the human body. The best selections for bone defect repair were considered autografts (from the patient) and allografts (from the donor). Wheter or not multiple complications and risks were connected to the use of both types of grafts (Logeart et al., 2005), these remain the principal options for the doctors and patients. Bone is always colonized by osteoblasts and osteoclast cells, so it must be considered as a living tissue.
Keywords: biomaterials; bone formation; scaffolds; tissue engineering.

Rheological Behaviour of Some Gels Based on Gelatin

DAVID-IULIAN LAZĂR, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
IULIAN AVRĂMIUC, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CONSTANŢA IBĂNESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Iaşi, Romania
MARICEL DANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Iaşi, Romania, mdanu@tuiasi.ro

pages 27 - 32    Download
Abstract
Gelatin is used as an ingredient in many foods and pharmaceuticals as a gelling and thickening agent. The rheological properties are very important in the study of gelatin solutions. The change in the rheological behavior of three gels with different gelatin concentration is investigated. Adding different amount of gelatin in the solution causes a variation of storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G'') and apparent viscosity when measured as a function of strain or frequency. The results show that rheological techniques can be used to determine gel strength.
Keywords: viscoelastic properties; structural stability; gel strength; gelatin; rheology.      

Thermal Characterization of Chocolate. The Polymorphism of Cocoa Butter

VICTORIA BEJENARI, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LAURA MIHĂILĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ANDREEA-IOANA PRISACARIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GEORGIANA TĂRĂBOANŢĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GABRIELA LISA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, gapreot@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 33 - 45    Download
Abstract
The thermal behavior of seven chocolate samples from various countries of origin, which cover all the three types of chocolate – dark, with milk and white – was analyzed. They revealed the influence of composition on thermal stability. Also, it was set out that the presence of coffee in the composition leads to a different decomposition mechanism, respectively, to an additional stage with the Tpeak of approximately 462ºC. The differential calorimetry emphasized the butter cocoa polymorphism in the composition of mass chocolate. It was concluded that a proper storage of chocolate was urgently needed in order to avoid the emergence of the fat bloom phenomenon.
Keywords: chocolate; TG; DTG; DSC; polymorphism.      

Inorganic Transparent Pigments - Optical Properties

NICOLAE APOSTOLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CORINA CERNĂTESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CLAUDIA COBZARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
RAMONA-ELENA TĂTARU-FĂRMUȘ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
MIHAELA AURELIA VIZITIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GABRIELA ANTOANETA APOSTOLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ganto@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 47 - 60    Download
Abstract
Requirements for high performance pigments and special pigments led to the development of materials that must comply with the increasingly demanding economic market. Manufacturers of these categories of materials work to produce excellent durability, high colour strength, the excellent dispensability across a wide range of binders, chemical stability and low solubility. The paper presents the current literature information on transparent inorganic pigments and their optical properties. Also, the main classes of transparent inorganic pigments are presented with synthesis, structural properties and applications.
Keywords: transparent inorganic pigments; refractive index; iron oxides; ZnO; TiO2.

DANIEL MARECI in memoriam

by ADRIAN CĂILEAN

pages 61 - 62    Download

 

2017, Issue 63(67), Fasc. 1 (March)

Contents

pages 1- 8    Download

Leaching Kinetics of a Fluidized Bed with High Salt Concentration

MARCELA POPA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
EUGENIA TEODORA IACOB-TUDOSE, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
IOAN MĂMĂLIGĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, imamalig@tuiasi.ro

pages 9 - 21     Download

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the mass transfer coefficient in the extraction of a solute from a solid matrix by contacting it with a solvent in a fluidized bed. The solvent used to remove the solute is, at the same time, fluidizing agent. The results presented had been obtained for the dissolution of a high concentration of a solute in the solid phase by using the recirculating extraction fluid phase.
Keywords: mass transfer coefficients; solid-liquid extraction; fluidized bed; extraction with fluid recirculation.

Characteristics of Oil Obtained from Grape Seeds Separated from Dried and Fresh Marc    

CLAUDIA COBZARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
MIHAELA ALINA MATCABOJĂ (GHERASIM), "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ADRIANA MARINOIU, National R&D Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies-ICIT, Râmnicu Vâlcea
GABRIELA ANTOANETA APOSTOLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
RAMONA ELENA TATARU FĂRMUȘ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CORINA CERNĂTESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ccernatescu@yahoo.com   

pages 23 - 28     Download

Abstract
In this study, oil was extracted from seeds separated from dried and fresh marc, in controlled conditions, marc being a residue from homemade wine manufacturing process. The organoleptic and physico-chemical characteristics show that this oil belongs among vegetable food oils. Also, marc, considered to be a waste product from wine manufacturing, can be an alternative source for making edible oil.
Keywords: marc; oil; grape seeds.

Studies on the Photocatalytic Decomposition of Organic Dyes Using Mesoporous Metal Oxides

NICOLAE APOSTOLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
RAMONA ELENA TATARU FĂRMUȘ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CORINA CERNĂTESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CLAUDIA COBZARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
MIHAELA AURELIA VIZITIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GABRIELA ANTOANETA APOSTOLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ganto@ch.tuiasi.ro   

pages 29 - 37    Download

Abstract
In this study, the ultraviolet irradiation behaviour of three dyes (methylene blue - MB, phenol red - FR and crystal violet - CV) is presented in the presence of a mesoporous oxide material based on ZnO-CeO2. The three dyes were degraded to the corresponding leucoderivates in different times, methylene blue (conc. 10-5M) in 25 min, crystal violet (conc. 2·10-5M) in 90 min, and phenol red (conc. 4.5·10-5M) in 140 min. Also, the calculated photodegradation yield showed that MB and CV degraded by 98% and RF only by 78%. It was also investigated the influence of the photocatalyst concentration on the reaction rate for MB.
Keywords: crystal violet; photodegradation; phenyl red; methylene blue.

Studies Regarding Au(III) Extraction in Aqueous Two Phase Systems Based on Polyethylen Glycol with Different Molecular Weights

MĂDĂLINA GHERCĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LAURA BULGARIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, lbulg@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 39 - 47     Download

Abstract
This study presents the efficiency of Au(III) ions extraction in aqueous two phase systems (ATPS) based on polyethylene glycol (PEG) 40% (w/w) and (NH4)2SO4 40% (w/w), in the presence of chloride ions with a concentration of 0.5 mol/L as extracting agents and a pH of 4.5 of the inorganic salt. The influence of two experimental parameters was studied: PEG molecular weight and volume ratio between the two phases. Experimental results showed that with the increasing of the PEG molecular weight the quantity of Au(III) ions extracted in PEG rich phase increases (67.78% for PEG(2000), 75% for PEG(4000) and 86.19% for PEG(6000), values obtained for a volume ratio (NH4)2SO4 : PEG of 5:4). Also, the extraction efficiency showed an important decrease for a (NH4)2SO4 : PEG volume ratio >2 because of the hydrophobicity of the environment that decreases.
Keywords: Au(III) ions extraction; aqueous two phase systems; PEG; green chemistry.

Polyphenolic Content Evaluation in Branches of Rosa Canina L. and Hippophae Rhamnoides L. Species

OANA TEODORA CIUPERCĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Research and Processing Centre for Medicinal Plants "Plantavorel" S.A., Piatra Neamț
CARMEN ELENA ȚEBRENCU, Research and Processing Centre for Medicinal Plants "Plantavorel" S.A., Piatra Neamț
IRINA VOLF, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, iwolf@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 49 - 58     Download

Abstract
This study evaluated the branches of Rosa canina L. and Hippophae rhamnoides L. in order to highlight new sources of polyphenols, condensed tannins and flavonoids. The phytochemical screening and ultraviolet-visible and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis on biomass showed the presence of fine chemical constituents like polyphenols, flavonoids (rutin) and condensed tannins (catechin, epicatechin). The biomass has been evaluated to quantify the total polyphenols (gallic acid) and tannins (tannic acid) by instrumental methods (UV-VIS spectrometry). The results showed that the branches of R. canina contain polyphenols (1.77±0.067%g gallic acid equivalent/g) and tannins (1.45±0.029%g tannic acid equivalent/g), whilst the branches of H. Rhamnoides are somewhat richer (1.87±0.058%g gallic acid equivalent/g and 1.94±0.038%g tannic acid equivalent/g). These results open perspectives for advanced valorization of R. canina and H. rhamnoides branches, already known only for phytotherapeutical and nutritional potential of their fruits.
Keywords: Rosa canina; Hippophae rhamnoides; branches; polyphenols; tannins; phytochemical screening.

Magnetic Activated Carbon Composites Used as Fenton Like Catalysts for Photodegrading Organic Compounds in Aqueous Solutions

ANDREEA VAJDA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
MARIUS SEBASTIAN SECULA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, mariussecula@ch.tuiasi.ro
LAURA HAGIU-ZALESCHI, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GABRIELA CARJA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
IOAN MĂMĂLIGĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 59 - 65     Download

Abstract
The main goal of the present work consists in investigating the performance of several magnetic activated carbon composites towards the photo-Fenton degradation of Ibuprofen molecule. Three Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) matrices having different pHPZC were employed to prepare the magnetic GACs using the co-precipitation method. UV light irradiation tests were carried out to determine the performance of the prepared magnetic composites towards the degradation of Ibuprofen molecule in aqueous solution in the presence of Hydrogen Peroxide. The photo-Fenton tests were conducted after the adsorption equilibrium has been established. The magnetic GAC composites prepared with acid-surfaced matrix L27 GAC was found to enhance significantly the degradation process of Ibuprofen molecule.
Keywords: Magnetic composites; photocatalysis; Fenton reaction; Ibuprofen; micropollutant

Modelling the Free Radical Polymerization of Styrene Using Artificial Neural Networks    

LUCIANA GHIBA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ELENA-NICULINA DRĂGOI, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
SILVIA CURTEANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, scurtean@tuiasi.ro

pages 67 - 81     Download

Abstract
In this work, the modeling of free radical polymerization of styrene is performed using two approaches: phenomenological and empirical. In the last case, artificial neural networks are used, applying two working strategies. First, a single model with three outputs (monomer conversion, numerical molecular weight and gravimetrical molecular weights) based on time, temperature and initial concentration of the initiator (model inputs) was determined. Due to the unacceptable performance results for the molecular weights, a second strategy is developed, modelling each output, separately, as function of the three inputs. Different artificial neural network topologies were tested, the two hidden layer networks performing the best for all the outputs.
Keywords: styrene; modelling; prediction; artificial neural networks.

2017, Issue 63(67), Fasc. 2 (June)

Contents

pages 1- 8    Download

Agri-Wastes – Feedstock for Biorefinery

ANA-MARIA CHEŞCĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
BOGDAN MARIAN TOFANICĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ADRIAN CĂTĂLIN PUIȚEL, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, puitelac@tuiasi.ro
DAN GAVRILESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 9 - 18     Download
Abstract
Straws and stalks are important categories of lignocellulosic agri- wastes. The availability of these materials is high, taking into account their extended cultivation. Their chemical composition represents an argument for their use as feedstock for papermaking fiber production. In this study, soda pulping process was employed for delignification of wheat straws (Triticum aestivum), corn stalks (Zea mays), rapeseed (Brassica napus) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus). The obtained pulps have been characterized from the perspectives of papermaking. Lignin separated from spent liquors resulted from pulping of agri-wastes is an alternative to increase overall process feasibility. In such context, the separated spent liquors were acid treated for lignins separation, which were further characterized by UV and IR spectroscopy techniques and gel permeation chromatography. The obtained results are important in establishing the potential usage of such lignins.
Keywords: straw; stalks; pulp; paper; lignin.

XRD Analysis of the Structural Properties of Layered Double Hydroxides Comprising Zn and Al Partially Substituted with Cu and Ce and their Derived Mixed Oxides

DIANA GILEA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, gilea.diana91@gmail.com
GABRIELA CARJA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, gcarja@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 19 - 25     Download
Abstract
The structural changes of layered double hydroxides (LDHs), when zinc was partially substituted by copper and aluminum was partially substituted by cerium in the layer of the LDHs matrix was monitored by X-ray diffraction (XRD), while the bulk composition of the studied samples was confirmed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The substituted samples preserved the layered structure, but the constrictions of the network appeared as a result of the substitution. After calcination at 850°C for 7 h, well crystallized mixed oxides containing copper and cerium were formed. The results point out that the calcination temperature is important to establish the structural features of the resulting mixtures of mixed oxides.
Keywords: layered double hydroxides; XRD; mixed oxides; copper; cerium

Diffusion Coefficients from Sorption Experimental Data

IONUŢ OVIDIU FORŢU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
RODICA SERETEANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
EUGENIA TEODORA IACOB TUDOSE, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, etudose@tuiasi.ro
IOAN MĂMĂLIGĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 27 -39     Download
Abstract
The diffusion of volatile components trough polymers or other materials of different geometry (plane, spherical or cylindrical) is essential for many industrial applications. In order to characterize the mass transport in these processes, an effective diffusion coefficient is needed. The diffusion coefficients estimation, usually using indirect methods, is based on experimental measurements of volatile components diffusion, retained on sorbents. Hence, the diffusivity is assessed by measuring pressure, sample weight or concentration, externally. These calculations require an appropriate model which describes the processes and the occurring transport phenomena. In this paper we present estimations of the diffusion coefficients using theoretical and experimental methods. These experimental methods are based on the kinetics of the solvent retention within materials of different shapes.
Keywords: cylindrical geometry; diffusion; planar geometry; process; spherical geometry.

Conformational Analysis of Polysiloxanes Substituted with Azobenzene

SIMONA CIOBOTĂRESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, University of Angers, France Physics Department
ELENA-LUIZA EPURE, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, lepure@tuiasi.ro
NICOLAE HURDUC, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 41 - 49     Download
Abstract
This work presents a molecular modeling study with regard to the conformational behaviour of azo-polysiloxane in function of the content in cis azobenzene (CA). Molecular dynamics was used to carry a NVT simulation of azobenzene substituted polysiloxane in bulk. Conformational analysis was performed to determine how the CA concentration affects the polymeric chain’s three-dimensional structure. The radius of gyration was found not to change with the variation of CA content, while the potential energy increased with the increasing of CA percentage. The low change in free volume from one structure to another supports the constant radius of gyration. The correlated results suggest that the CA brings conformational tension on the structure. The macromolecular chain is unable to position itself in a less structural conflictive arrangement and determines a growth in potential energy. More studies are needed for further investigation and to link these findings with simulations in layer and solution.
Keywords: molecular modelling; azo; isomerisation; configuration.

Iron Based Layered Double Hydroxide and its Calcined Derivate as Efficient Photocatalysts in Phenol Removal

ELENA-FLORENTINA GROSU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, elena_grosu89@yahoo.com
GABRIELA CARJA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, gcarja@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 51 - 60     Download
Abstract
We report here the fabrication of novel semiconductor photocatalysts with high efficiency in the advanced oxidation reactions. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are nontoxic and environmental friendly anionic clays studied due to their photoresponses under UV, visible and solar irradiation. In this work ZnFeAlLDH and the derived mixed oxides obtained after calcination, denoted as ZnFeAl750 were synthesized and used for the first time in the process of phenol photodegradation under irradiation with a solar simulator. The structure and the optical properties of the catalysts were studied by XRD, FTIR and UV-Vis techniques. The photocatalytic tests were done using a solar simulator. The results demonstrate that ZnFeAlLDH has a specific hydrotalcite structure that transformed into highly homogeneous mixed oxides after calcination at 750°C. The tested catalysts are able to absorb light starting from the red region of the spectrum. Results show that the maximum photodegradation of phenol was reached with ZnFeAl750, which removed 70% from the initial concentration of the phenol pollutant after 6 h of irradiation with solar light.
Keywords: LDHs; photocatalyst; mixed oxides; pollutant; phenol; solar photodegradation.

Habilitation Thesis Summary:
Design of High Performing Materials with Increased Thermal Stability: Structure-Property Relationship and Degradation Mechanism

GABRIELA LISA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, gapreot@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 61 - 64     Download

2017, Issue 63(67), Fasc. 3 (September)

Contents

pages 1- 8    Download

Photocatalytic and Photo-Fenton Degradation of Ibuprophen under Solar Light Irradiation

MIHAELA DARIE, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ddariemihaela@yahoo.com
GABRIELA CARJA,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, gcarja@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 9 - 21    Download
Abstract
In this work, the degradation of pharmaceutical agent ibuprofen by photocatalysis and photo-Fenton catalysis, using artificial visible light irradiation and H2O2 as Fenton reagent, was carried out. Two efficient Fe/LDHs photocatalysts with different iron content were fabricated. First, the LDH precursor with Zn2+ and Al3+ as di- and trivalent brucite-like cations (Zn2+/Al3+ = 3/1) was obtained by co-precipitation method and denoted as Zn3Al. Then, by the structural reconstruction of the calcined Zn3Al in aqueous solution of FeSO4∙7H2O, two Fe/LDH- based nanocomposites were obtained and denoted as Fe(1%)Zn3Al and Fe(4%)Zn3Al. The structural and optical properties of the samples were studied by XRD, FTIR and UV-Vis techniques. The photocatalytic tests were performed using a solar simulator as irradiation source. Photocatalytic results showed that the novel catalysts is efficient for the ibuprofen degradation. A remarkable enhancement of Ibuprofen degradation was obtained in the case of photo-Fenton process, up to 89% by Fe(1%)Zn3Al nanocomposite. Increasing the content of Fe in the catalysts showed an insignificant effect in enhancing the catalyst efficiency for ibuprofen removal.
Keywords: photocatalyst; ibuprofen; photo-Fenton; solar photodegradation.

Opportunity to Apply Thermal Decomposition of Spruce Bark after Extractives Recovery

OANA ALEXANDRA PĂTRĂUŢANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
MIHAI BREBU,
"Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Iaşi
VALENTIN I. POPA,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
IRINA VOLF,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, iwolf@tuiasi.ro

pages 23 - 33     Download
Abstract
The work explores the possibility to use the thermal decomposition of spruce bark (Picea Abies) in a second biorefinery flow sheet. Spruce bark was characterised and humidity, ash, hemicelluloses, cellulose and lignin content were determined. For the recovery of extractives two procedures were applied: the biomass was extracted with toluene-ethanol mixture using a conventional extraction and a 70% ethanol solution was used in an ultrasound assisted extraction process. In both cases the solid waste was subjected to pyrolysis conducted at 550°C under relatively low heating rate of 10°C/min. The aqueous phase was analysed by GC-MS. Similarities and some differences are highlighted by the GC-chromatograms and NP-gram characterisation, depending on the extraction procedures applied.
Keywords: biomass; extractives; pyrolysis; GC-MS; NP-gram.

Cellulosic Fibers from Miscanthus   

CRISTIAN IONUȚ SANDU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ANA-MARIA CHEȘCĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ADRIAN CĂTĂLIN PUIȚEL, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
DAN GAVRILESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, gda@tuiasi.ro

pages 35 - 46      Download
Abstract
Miscanthus is an important biomass crop and has an important role in the sustainable production of renewable fuels and chemicals. It is currently used as a source of heat and electricity, or converted into biofuel products. There are many possibilities to valorize Miscanthus crops: combustion, gasification and pyrolysis for energy; liquefaction and hydrolysis for chemicals; delignification for cellulosic fibers. Chemical composition of Miscanthus is encouraging regarding its cellulose and lignin content, making them suitable for delignification. Miscanthus pulp can be obtained by usual delignification processes, among them soda cooking being very attractive. Pulps having different yields and lignin content were obtained by suitable choosing of the cooking parameters: NaOH addition, time and temperature. The strength properties of pulp mainly depended on its lignin content. Lignin-rich pulps show high compressive strength, being appropriate in paper manufacturing for corrugated board production.
Keywords: Miscanthus crop; soda cooking; chemical pulp; pulp properties; paper.

Biosorption Potential of the Main Fractions Separated from Peat (Poiana Stampei, Romania)

SILVIA PRUTEANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LAURA BULGARIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, lbulg@ch.tuiasi.ro
MARIA GAVRILESCU,  "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 47 - 56      Download
Abstract
In this study it was investigated the separation possibility of the main organic fraction of peat (Poiana Stampei, Romania), consisting in humic substances and cellulosic waste, for its use as biosorbents in the removal process of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. In order to separate the two fractions, the peat was treated with sodium hydroxide solutions of different concentrations (0.1 – 4.0 N), at two different temperatures (20 and 50°C) for 3 h of mixing. In this way, only the solubilisation of humic substances from the peat composition takes place, which can be separated from cellulosic waste by filtration. After filtration, the humic substances were re-precipitated in strong acid media (pH < 1.0), and then both obtained fractions were washed and dried in air. The efficiency of separation process was evaluated in each case. All resulted fractions were used as biosorbents for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. The experimental results have shown that the fractions separated by the treatment of peat with 2N NaOH solution at 50°C exhibit the highest biosorption capacities.
Keywords: peat; humic substances; cellulosic waste; Cu(II) ions; biosorption.

Pb(II) Removal from Aqueous Solutions by Using Wastes of Pinus Strobus Bark

LAVINIA TOFAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CARMEN PĂDURARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, cpadur2005@yahoo.com
ION BUNIA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ROXANA LAURA MIHĂILESCU AMĂLINEI, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ANCA MIRON, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 57 - 70      Download
Abstract
The influence of significant operational parameters on the Pb(II) sorption process by Romanian Pinus strobus has been studied in batch conditions. The uptake of Pb(II) from solutions with different initial concentrations of Pb(II) increased progressively with increasing initial pH from 2 to 5-5.5. The percent removal of Pb(II) varied from 84% to 98% for an increase of bark waste dose to 4 at 60 g/ L. The sorption isotherm studies clearly indicated that the sorptive behavior of Pb(II) ions on Romanian Pinus strobus bark under study satisfies not only the Langmuir assumptions, but also the Freundlich assumption. The calculated values for the isothermal thermodynamic parameters show that Pb(II) ions retention by pine bark is a spontaneous process of endothermic and chemical nature. The sorption kinetics for Pb(II) ions removal from aqueous solutions was very well described by pseudo-second order model.
Keywords: Pinus strobus; bark; sorption; waste; lead.

2017, Issue 63(67), Fasc. 4 (December)

Contents

pages 1- 8     Download

Potential Antimicrobial Activity of Some New Compounds Against Pathogenic Strains

ANCA MIHAELA MOCANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ancamocanu@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 9 - 15     Download
Abstract:
The objective of this study is to evaluate antibacterial activity of new compounds obtained by the condensation of hydrazides with several substrata (aldehides, transition metals and coupling compounds) affording final compounds with potential biological activities such antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antitumor activity, fungicidal, tuberculostatic and plant growth regulative properties. The new compounds were studied for antibacterial activities, in vitro, by measuring zone diameters of bacterial growth inhibition on different types of strains microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The newly analyzed compounds exhibited a variable activity of inhibition on the growth of the bacteria.
Keywords: hydrazide, coupling compounds, microorganisms, difusimetric method, tested activity.

Applications of Reaction Calorimetry in Lignin Chemistry

VALENTINA IORDAN (CONSTANTIN), "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
TEODOR MĂLUȚAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, thmalu@tuiasi.ro

pages 17 - 22    Download
Abstract
The thermodynamic properties of lignin and its solutions are important in the design and operation of the machines used in the biomass biorafination schemes. In the literature, there are few thermodynamic data on the main chemical components of biomass (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin). In this paper we present the heat dissolution (ΔHdis) of the lignin alkaline solutions obtained by the reaction calorimetry. Lignin is characterized by insolubility in most simple solvents. The solubility of lignin preparations also depends on the method used to isolate them.
Since most of the applications in which lignin is subjected to chemical reactions involves the dissolution of lignin, it is very important to know the thermodynamic properties of these solutions as well as the characterization of chemical reactions in terms of heat of reaction.
Keywords: lignin; reaction heat; dissolving heat; specific heat; biomass.

Experimental Equipment Used in the Study of Carbon Dioxide Absorption (I)

RAMONA ELENA TĂTARU FĂRMUȘ, Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, rtataru@ch.tuiasi.ro
MARIA HARJA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 23 - 33     Download
Abstract
The continuing increase demand in global energy has led a faster raw material depletion and increased exploitation of hydrocarbon fuels. Before using natural gas, it is necessary to remove acid gases (H2S and CO2), to increase the heating value of natural gas, reduce corrosion, prevent atmospheric pollution. Acid gas removal is best accomplished by chemical absorption. Such washing processes are also used in petroleum refining, coal gasification and hydrogen production. This paper presents a brief chronology of experiments conducted in the study of carbon dioxide absorption in amine solutions, focusing on experimental equipment developed in laboratory research.
Keywords: acid gases; carbon dioxide; experimental devices; flow of absorption.

Microcrystalline Cellulose as Adsorbent for Removal of Dyes from Wastewaters

IULIA NICA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GABRIELA BILIUȚĂ, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Romanian Academy, Iași
SERGIU COȘERI, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Romanian Academy, Iași
CARMEN ZAHARIA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
DANIELA ȘUTEU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, danasuteu67@yahoo.com

pages 35 - 44     Download
Abstract
Batch adsorption studies were carried out for the adsorption of some dyes (Brilliant Red HE-3B, Orange 16, Rhodamine B and Methylene Blue) onto a new versatile cellulose-based product (Cellet), to be a new adsorbent. Studies were shown that the adsorption process is influenced by the chemical structure of dyes and experimental working conditions, i.e. pH, initial dye concentration, cellulose dose, phases contact time and temperature. The obtained results were shown that this cellulose-based product (Cellet) can be use as an adequate adsorbent in discoloration of textile effluents.
Keywords: adsorption; aqueous medium; microcrystalline cellulose; organic dye.

Influence of Natural Extracts on the Quality of Cold Sodium Soap

CLAUDIA COBZARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CRINA CALENCIUC, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ADRIANA GHEORGHINA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CORINA CERNĂTESCU
, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ccernatescu@yahoo.com

pages 45 - 52    Download
Abstract
In this study, toilet soaps containing a mixture of natural fruit and vegetable extracts were prepared. The results show that the three vegetable oils (olive, palm and coconut oil) used as a source of fatty acids, due to their acidity index, iodine and saponification index, are a good raw material for making soap. Furthermore, they contain vitamins and antioxidants, which, together with those contained in the natural extracts mixture obtained from fruits and vegetables, helps to improve the softening and soothing properties of the soap. However, anthocyanin pigments from the natural extracts do not contribute to the colour enhancement of the finished product due to the colour change based on the pH value for the alkaline solution or the soap (neutral pH). For all that reasons, the soap obtained is a quality product because it does not have alkali, and because the glycerine content helps with moisturizing and softening the skin.
Keywords: soap; natural extracts; cold saponification

Habilitation thesis summary:
Advanced Capitalization of the Fly Ash to Obtain New Materials

MARIA HARJA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, mharja@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 53 - 57    Download
Abstract
The habilitation thesis presents the original and relevant results in the field of capitalization of fly ash, with application in chemical engineering. In this thesis new synthesized low-cost sorbents, based on Holboca ash, were comparative studied for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions. The synthesis method was very simple under room temperature to high conditions and final product can be safely disposed. The ashes are produced in power plants and represent the largest source of energy. The production of this material (the by-product) is estimated to be more than 370 Mt last years. Ash can be modified and used as sorbent efficient for the removal of heavy metals and dyes from solutions. The modified ash has composition similar to natural zeolites. The ash and modified ash present low cost and efficiently adsorbents, which can be used for removal pollutants from water, gas and soil.

2016, Issue 62(66), Fasc. 1 (March)

Contents

pages 1- 8    Download

Research Regarding the Estimated Relationship Between Soil Salinity Indices

MARIA CĂTĂLINA PASTIA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Hydrotechnical Engineering, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering, mariapastia@yahoo.com
FLORIAN STĂTESCU,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Hydrotechnical Engineering, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering
VASILE LUCIAN PAVEL,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Hydrotechnical Engineering, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering
LAURA BULGARIU,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
SABINA IOANA COJOCARU, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Biology

pages 9 - 16    Download
Abstract
Despite salinization is one of the most widespread soil degradation processes and affects between 1 and 3 million hectares in the European Union, the measurement of exchangeable cations concentration of soil generates some problems related to the intensity and duration of these laboratory tests for determination. In these context it is desirable to determine relationships between certain models of soil salinity indices. One of these indicators is soil Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP), which is determined using laborious and time consuming laboratory tests. Therefore it may be more appropriate and economical to develop a relationship which uses a more simple soil salinity indicator. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to propose a pattern ESP-SAR for salinized soils from investigated perimeter of Osoi-Moreni, Iaşi County, Romania. The research required the use of pairs of samples, which were collected and processed as the indicated above, to compare ESP values measured by laboratory tests with data from the application of the linear regression equation SAR-ESP. The Bland-Altman method (Bland and Altman, 1999) was used to compare the results from laboratory tests with the results of SAR-ESP model. Statistical analyzes were performed using Microsoft Excel (version 2010).
Keywords: Sodium absorption ratio; Exchangeable sodium percentage; Soil.

Synthesis of 4’-Aminophenyl Benzimidazole

CORINA CERNĂTESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
MARIUS CĂTĂLIN CLOŞCĂ,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CLAUDIA COBZARU,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ccobzaru@yahoo.com

pages 17 - 26    Download
Abstract
In order to synthesize new azomethines derivate from p- aminophenyl benzimidazole we tried to obtain the benzimidazole using synthetic paths from scientific literature. Three different synthetic methods have been used, the optimal method has been selected and the obtained product was purified by different means in order to establish the best solvent. The samples were analysed by the means NMR spectrometry.
Keywords: p-aminophenyl benzimidazole; different synthetic methods; NMR spectra.

Adsorption of Crystal Violet Dye onto Modified Ash

MARIA HARJA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GABRIELA CIOBANU,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LIDIA FAVIER,
"Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, France
LAURA BULGARIU,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LĂCRĂMIOARA RUSU,
"Vasile Alecsandri" University of Bacău, Romania, Faculty of Engineering, listrati@ub.ro

pages 27 - 37    Download
Abstract
In the present study, the dye adsorption from aqueous solution, using available resources such as crystal violet as model colorant and ash/modified ash as low cost sorbent from a local power plant. The adsorbent was prepared by the alkaline method and investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Brunauer- Emmett - Teller (BET) methods. The adsorbent in this study had a specific surface area of 41 m2·g-1. The influence of several experimental conditions (initial pH, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration, contact time) on dye removal rate was determined via batch adsorption experiments. The highest dye removal rate obtained was about 92% at pH = 10 and ambient temperature. The results obtained in this study confirm the potential of modified ash to be used as efficient adsorbent for the removal of crystal violet dye from aqueous solution.
Keywords: modified waste ash; crystal violet dye; adsorption; factor influence; removal rate.

Challenges of the New Sensors: Nucleobases Containing Materials

ELENA LUIZA EPURE,  "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, lepure@tuiasi.ro

pages 39 - 44    Download
Abstract
The miniaturizing is an important request nowadays. Sophisticated nano-structures are obtained by top-down or bottom-up approach, growing the number of application in various domains like biology, medicine, environmental, information technologie. Due to the simplicity and multiple H- bonding, the nucleobases are very suitable molecules for programmed self- assembled structures. Synthetic chemists encouraged by the vast potential of nucleobases application are in continuum search to apply the recognitive function of these complementary pairs in various domains like self-healing, medical diagnosis, sensors, drug delivery, information storage, purification etc. This review highlights some important recent developments of the nucleobases applications.
Keywords: nucleobases; supramolecular; nanostructures; self-assembling.

Phenol and Colour Removal from Wastewater Using Two Coal-Based Adsorptive Materials: Preliminary Laboratory Tests and Performances

CARMEN ZAHARIA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, czah@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 45 - 57    Download
Abstract
Some preliminary laboratory scale set-up results of adsorption process performance using different types of coal, as carbonaceous adsorbents, meaning powder activated charcoal (PAC), or granular activated charcoal (GAC) and mezotrophic peat (MP), applied for phenol and color removal from different high phenol-containing synthetic and real wastewaters were summarized. The influence of high phenol concentration in some adsorption processes applied for synthetic wastewaters (i.e. 10-3,000 mg/L phenol-containing solutions) and real wastewaters (i.e. wastewaters produced in manufacturing of wood fibrous plates, in a furniture processing plant, which was contained a known phenol concentration of 3,000 mg phenol/L) were studied in order to obtain a laboratory estimation of highest performance in phenol removal and its discoloration. The highest phenol removal efficiency, working with a dose of 50 g/L PAC, was of 99.875% in the case of 100 mg/L phenol-containing solutions, 80.70% in the case of 278 mg/L phenol-containing solutions with 50 g/L GAC, and 60.42% in the case of 2000 mg/L phenol-containing solutions with 50 mg/L MP. For the studied real wastewater containing around 3,000 mg/L phenol, the highest removal was of 73.46% for color with PAC, and 57.58% with MP, after 60 min (50.83% after 10 min), and of 95.19% phenol with PAC and 63.30% with MP, after 60 min. These data were useful in preparation of future experiments, and also of in-deep adsorption mechanism characterization for high phenol- containing industrial effluents, its optimization and industrial applications of adequate operating conditions.
Keywords: adsorption; powder (PAC) and granular (GAC) activated charcoal; mezotrophic peat (MP); phenol and color removal; wastewater treatment.

2016, Issue 62(66), Fasc. 2 (June)

Contents

pages 1- 8    Download

Spectrophotometric Determination of Cu(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) Ions in Mono and Multi-Component Systems

VLADISLAV FORNEA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ŞTEFAN TRUPINĂ,
 "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ALEXANDRU VASILICĂ IOSUB,
  "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LAURA BULGARIU,
 "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, lbulg@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 9 - 20    Download
Abstract
The selective determination of Cu(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous solution was spectrophotmetrically investigated using rubeanic acid as color reagent. The reaction between Cu(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) ions with rubeanic acid occurs rapidly at pH 3.5 in case of Cu(II) ions and at pH 9.0 in case of Co(II) and Ni(II) ions (buffered solutions). The metal complexes have absorption maximums at different wavelength (380 nm for Cu(II), 480 nm for Co(II) and 590 nm for Ni(II), respectively) and this characteristic underlies the possibility of their determination in multi-components systems. This method allows the determination of these metal ions in a relatively wide concentration range, with acceptable detection limits. The interferences caused by each metal ion in the determination of the other were evaluated on the basis of  the selectivity coefficients. The validation of Cu(II), Co(II)  and  Ni(II) determination through this method was done by recovery tests of metal ions in tap water. The obtained results shows that this spectrophotometric method can  be successfully used for the analysis of Cu(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) ions in water samples, whether are in mono- or multi-components systems.
Keywords: metal ions; rubeanic acid; aqueous solution; spectrophotometric method.

Determination of Mineral Acids Concentration from Mixtures by Condutometric Titration

MONICA-MARIA ROMAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
IONELA CIURDEA,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CRISTINA LAZAREV,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LAURA BULGARIU,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, lbulg@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 21 - 31    Download
Abstract
In this study, a conductometric titration method is proposed for the quantitative determination of two mineral acids (HCl and H3PO4), both individually and from mixture. Conductometric titration assumes the experimental measuring of electrical conductivity of the analyzed solution as a function of added titrant volume, and depends by the concentration of all ions present in this solution. A solution of AgNO3 (0.1 N) was used as titrant. Both mineral acids react with AgNO3 and form low soluble compounds (AgCl and Ag2HPO4), and these reactions are the basis of their determination by conductometric titration. If, HCl can be analyzed in this way with  high  accuracy, regardless of whether is in mixture or not, the  determination  of  H3PO4 acid is more difficult due to the high solubility of Ag2HPO4 precipitate. Thus, the neutralization of H3PO4 acid with NaOH (0.1 N) solution before to start the conductometric measurements is necessary, for that his quantitative determination to be possible. Therefore, the conductometric titration with  AgNO3 can be used for the determination of HCl and H3PO4, both individually and from mixtures, but this is possible only after neutralization of the mineral acids with a strong base solution.
Keywords: mineral acids; mixtures; condutometric titration; AgNO3 titrant; aqueous solution.

Analytical Methods for Analyzing Some Oils Used in Cosmetics

GABRIELA GAVRILUȚĂ, Secondary School "I. Teodoreanu" Iaşi, gavriluta.gabi@yahoo.com

pages 33 - 38    Download
Abstract
In this paper three different oils have been analysed: sesame, olive and jasmine. For their analyses standard methods for oils and  fats described by American Oil Chemists Society (AOCS,  1993)  and  pharmacopoeia assays (Brazilian pharmacopoeia, 2010), such: index of acid, saponification, iodine, peroxides, determination of potential of hydrogen (pH), and density. Those analyses are important because they indicate the quality and authenticity of the oil. The results showed that the oil extracted from sesame and olive has acceptable characteristics and is of good quality. For all of those the saponification index, the acidity and peroxidation value have been determined.
Keywords: index of acid; index of saponification; index of peroxide; olive; jasmine; sesame oils.

 Third Generation Biotehanol Production

ALEXANDRA CRISTINA BLAGA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LENUȚA KLOETZER,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ALEXANDRA TUCALIUC,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
DAN CAȘCAVAL,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, dancasca@tuiasi.ro 
ANCA IRINA GALACTION,
"Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering

pages 39 - 52    Download
Abstract
The algal biomass offers great potential as a sustainable feedstock which can be processed for the third generation bioethanol production, due to its many advantages: rapid growth rate, the ability to accumulate important amounts of carbohydrates, all the materials produced are nontoxic and biodegradable. However, in order to produce high concentrations of ethanol, it is necessary to convert all specific carbohydrate components of microalgae: glucan, sulphated polysaccharides, mannitol, alginate, agar, and carrageenan. This paper describes different types of algae and presents the main steps for the technology employed in the production of third generation bioethanol.
Keywords: bioethanol; continuous fermentation; microalgae; seaweed.

Graphene Obtained by Pyrolytic Decomposition in N2 Atmosphere

CĂTĂLINA NUȚESCU DUDUMAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Department of Materials Science, catalinanutescu@yahoo.com
JOSÉ MARÍA GÓMEZ DE SALAZAR Y CASO DE LOS COBOS,
Complutense University of Madrid, Spain, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering
MARÍA ISABEL BARRENA PÉREZ,
Complutense University of Madrid, Spain, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering
LAURA GARCIA SANCHEZ,
Complutense University of Madrid, Spain, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering
CONSUELO GÓMEZ DE CASTRO,
Complutense University of Madrid, Spain, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering

pages 53 - 60    Download
Abstract
Graphene, an allotrope of carbon, is study in the last years because posed interesting chemical, optical and electrical properties. The paper describes the graphene obtaining method by the pyrolytic decomposition. As  raw materials was used epoxy resin. The product of pyrolytic decomposition of the epoxy resin was characterized using several techniques: scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy  (TEM),  X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Experimental results indicate the nanostructure stacking of multiple layers of graphene; at 500 nm we can observe lamellas of graphene. On the base of the experimental data we can conclude that the pyrolytic decomposition product is graphene.
Keywords: Graphene, Epoxy resin, Pyrolysis, Characterization.

Abstract of PhD Thesis:  
Extraction, Identification and Antioxidant Activity of the Phenolic Secondary Metabolites Isolated from the Leaves, Stems and Fruits of Two Shrubs of the Ericaceae Family

OANA-CRINA BUJOR, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, oana_crin@yahoo.com

pages 61 - 62    Download

Habilitation Thesis Summary:
Sorption - Separation Method of Chemical Compounds from Aqueous Media

DANIELA ȘUTEU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, dsuteu@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 63 - 68    Download

2016, Issue 62(66), Fasc. 3-4 (December)

Contents

pages 1- 8    Download

Biosorption of Zn(II) Ions from Aqueous Solution onto Mustard Waste Biomass

LĂCRĂMIOARA NEGRILĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
DUMITRU BULGARIU,
"Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iaşi, Faculty of Geography and Geology; Romanian Academy, Branch of Iaşi, Collective of Geography
LAURA BULGARIU,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, lbulg@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 9 - 19    Download
Abstract
In this study, the mustard waste biomass, obtained  from  mustard seeds after oil extraction, was used as biosorbent for removal of Zn(II) ions from aqueous solution. The experiments were performed  in batch systems at room temperature, and have follow the influence of initial solution pH, biosorbent dose, initial Zn(II) concentration and contact time, in order to establish the optimal experimental conditions. About 0.125 g of mustard waste biomass was enough to remove 80% of 40.67 mg·L-1 Zn(II) ions from 25  mL  of aqueous solution in 60 min, at initial solution pH of 5.5, considered to be optimal. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used for the mathematical modelling of the equilibrium isotherm, obtained experimentally. The experimental data well fit with Langmuir model, and the characteristic parameters of this model agree with the conditions of favourable biosorption. The pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models were used for kinetic modelling of the experimental data. The values of kinetics parameters calculated for both  models have shown that the pseudo-second order equation  is more adequate. The experimental results indicate that mustard waste biomass has a good biosorption capacity for Zn(II) ions, and can be considered a potential biosorbent for the treatment of industrial wastewaters.
Keywords: Zn(II) ions; biosorption; mustard waste biomass; aqueous solution.

Novel Furan Derivatives from 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(Furan-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one Through Addition and Ring Closure Reactions

GHEORGHE ROMAN, Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Inorganic Polymers, gheorghe.roman@icmpp.ro

pages 21 - 31    Download
Abstract
Starting from a furan-containing chalcone analogue, a series of furan derivatives have been prepared. Addition of 4-chlorothiophenol to this chalcone analogue afforded the corresponding β-arylmercapto ketone, which has been subsequently reduced to the β-arylmercapto alcohol. The Stetter reaction of chalcone analogue with benzaldehyde and thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde gave two hitherto unknown butane-1,4-diones. Hydrazine and phenylhydrazine converted the chalcone analogue into the expected pyrazolines.
Keywords: chalcone; thia-Michael addition; Stetter reaction; pyrazoline.

Consumer Views on the Future Trend for Organic Food Production and Acquisition in Conjunction with Environmental Conservation and Development. Case Study: Sibiu

LEILA BARDAŞUC, Universidad Europea de Madrid (European University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain, leila.bardasuc@yahoo.com
DELIA MONICA DOMNICA,
Alma Mater University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania
NICUŞOR MARCEL UDREA,
Alma Mater University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania
IOANA TĂLMĂCEAN,
Alma Mater University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania

pages 33 - 51    Download
Abstract
From the literature found in this topic, in Romania, organic farming has developed in recent years. In this paper, a study was conducted online, a study which seeks to highlight consumer views on the future trend for organic food production and acquisition, in conjunction with environmental conservation and development, in the county of Sibiu. The aim is to study whether organic food production will have an upward, constant or downward trend, through the needs of consumers in Sibiu, and determine consumer attitudes toward these types of products. The quantitative analysis realized (survey method) may underlie the disclosure between the producers and the consumer views on the production and purchase of organic food in Sibiu County, with the purpose to increase the production of organic food in the future. This future trend may be related to organic products, consumers’ health and a cleaner environment.
Keywords: production; consumption; ecological product; environment; opinions.

Perovskites: Methods for Obtaining and Structures

DANIEL IOAN DUPALĂU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, dupalau_daniel@yahoo.ro
DANIEL SUTIMAN,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 53 - 58    Download
Abstract
Perovskite structure is one of the simplest chemical formulas existing in nature, ABX3, where A and B are metal cation and anion X, usually oxygen. The perovskite formula is ABX3 and it belongs to the ternary family of crystalline structures. Thanks to this remarkable structures are plenty of possible combinations and partial or total replacements, which gives us a very large number of compounds. In this work we review a series of perovskites presenting their general synthetic methods and structure.
Keywords: Perovskite; structure; synthesis.

Optimization the Physical-Chemical Processes in the Treatment of Domestic and Industrial Wastewaters

MARIANA MINCU, National Institute for Research and Development in Environment Protection, Bucharest, Romania, mincu_mariana@yahoo.com
CRISTINA MIHAELA BĂLACEANU
, National Institute for Research and Development in Environment Protection, Bucharest, Romania
ANDREEA IOANA DĂESCU
, National Institute for Research and Development in Environment Protection, Bucharest, Romania

pages 59 - 70    Download
Abstract
Sometimes the domestic wastewaters and certain types of industrial waters, inadequately treated, as well as runoff water from fertilized agricultural lands reach in the surface waters. These are important sources of nutrients which are responsible for the appearance of eutrophication. The eutrophication is a major environmental problem that affects surface waters across the world. Decreasing of the amount of nutrients in surface waters is an increasing and topical problem for both the European Union and Romania. Efficiency in wastewater treatment is very important for reduction of the nutrient loading in surface water, which is one of the European Union policies objectives (Water Framework Directive). In order to prevent the nutrients to reach the quantity amounts that produce eutrophication in surface waters, technologies for removal of nitrogen and phosphorus were experienced during some research conducted by INCDPM- Bucharest.
Keywords: wastewater treatment; removal of nitrogen and phosphorus; eutrophication.

Abstract of PhD Thesis:
Study of Extraction and Immobilization Posibility of Polyphenolic Compounds from Spruce Wood Bark

ROXANA ELENA GHIȚESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ghitescu.roxana@yahoo.com 

pages 71 - 72    Download